Static versus dynamic theories and the perception of groups: Different routes to different destinations
Static versus dynamic theories and the perception of groups: Different routes to different destinations
复制标题
DOI：
10.1207/s15327957pspr0502_6
复制
发表时间：
2001-01-01
影响因子：
10.8
通讯作者：
Dweck, CS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Levy, SR;Plaks, JE;Dweck, CS
外行理论研究表明，以不同的起始假设开始社会知觉任务的人遵循不同的认知路径，到达不同的社会终点。在这篇文章中，我们展示了外行人的固定（实体）与动态（增量）的人性理论如何培养不同的意义系统来解释和回应相同的群体信息。通过对美国和东亚的成人和儿童的研究，以及对熟悉和陌生群体的研究，我们记录了这些理论如何影响对刻板印象的易感性、群体同质性的感知、最终归因错误、群体间偏见和歧视行为。此外，我们还讨论了产生和延续这些理论的社会文化因素，以及为什么和何时维持和改变这些理论。本文还考虑了这项工作对减少刻板印象和群体间冲突的影响。
Research on lay theories suggests that people who begin the task of social perception with different starting assumptions follow different cognitive paths and reach different social endpoints. In this article, we show how laypeople's fixed (entity) versus dynamic (incremental) theories of human nature foster different meaning systems for interpreting and responding to the same group information. Using research with adults and children, in the United States and East Asia, and concerning familiar and novel groups, we document how these theories influence susceptibility to stereotyping, perceptions of group homogeneity, the ultimate attribution error, intergroup bias, and discriminatory behavior. Further, we discuss social-cultural factors that produce and perpetuate these theories as well as why and when these theories are maintained and changed. The implications of this work for reducing stereotyping and intergroup conflict are considered.