Role of family and peers in the development of prototypes associated with substance use
Role of family and peers in the development of prototypes associated with substance use
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DOI：
10.1037/0893-3200.11.3.271
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发表时间：
1997-09-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Smith, GE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blanton, H;Gibbons, FX;Smith, GE
先前的研究和理论表明，青少年经常尝试物质来获得所需的社会形象。然而，很少有研究涉及导致对物质使用者有利评价的发育前兆。本研究使用 463 名农村青少年的纵向数据集测试了父母和同伴对青少年原型的影响模型。对于饮酒和吸烟，物质使用者的积极原型最好通过同伴关系来预测。与那些实践和鼓励药物滥用的同龄人交往的青少年会发展出更积极的饮酒和吸烟者原型。这些社会形象反过来又预测了随后的酒精和香烟的使用。与同龄人相比，父母对原型几乎没有直接影响，但通过青少年对同龄人的选择间接影响了形象。出乎意料的是，有证据表明父母使用物质会产生负面模型效应，因此父母吸烟会预测更多的负面原型。
Prior research and theory suggest that adolescents often experiment with substances to acquire desired social images. However, little research has addressed the developmental precursors leading to favorable evaluation of substance users. This study tested a model of parental and peer influence on adolescent prototypes using a longitudinal data set of 463 rural adolescents. For both drinking and smoking, positive prototypes of substance users were best predicted by peer affiliations. Adolescents who affiliated with peers who practiced and encouraged substance use developed more positive prototypes of people who drink and smoke. These social images, in turn, predicted subsequent use of alcohol and cigarettes. In contrast to peers, parents had little direct influence on prototypes but did indirectly affect images through the adolescents' choice of peers. Unexpectedly, there was evidence of a negative modeling effect of parental substance use, such that parental smoking predicted more negative prototypes.