Schizophrenia and Autism as Contrasting Minds: Neural Evidence for the Hypo-Hyper-Intentionality Hypothesis
Schizophrenia and Autism as Contrasting Minds: Neural Evidence for the Hypo-Hyper-Intentionality Hypothesis
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/schbul/sbu124
复制
发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Walter, Henrik
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ciaramidaro, Angela;Bolte, Sven;Walter, Henrik
精神分裂症（SCZ）和自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的特点是心理化问题和相关的社会脑神经功能障碍。然而，精神状态归因的缺陷在某种程度上是相反的：SCZ患者倾向于将意图过度归因于代理人和物理事件（“超意图性”），自闭症患者则将人们视为缺乏意图（“低意图性”）。在这里，我们的目的是调查是否这种hypo-hyper-intentionality假说可以支持在心智化任务的神经证据。本研究采用功能磁共振成像技术（fMRI）研究了阅读他人意图过程中的神经反应和功能连接。对23名ASD患者、18名偏执型SCZ患者和23名性别和智商匹配的对照者进行了扫描。与对照组相比，两个临床组在SCZ的左后上级颞沟（pSTS）和腹内侧前额叶皮层（vMPFC）以及ASD的右pSTS中显示出减少的脑激活，用于对比有意与物理信息处理。正如预测的那样，这些影响是以一种特定的方式引起的：SCZ中物理信息处理的相对激活增加，这也与阳性PANNS评分相关，ASD中有意信息处理的相对激活减少。此外，我们可以证明临床组中右侧pSTS和vMPFC之间的相反连接模式，即SCZ增加，ASD减少。这些发现代表了社会大脑关键区域的相反神经信号，正如超-低-意向性假说所预测的那样。
Both schizophrenia (SCZ) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are characterized by mentalizing problems and associated neural dysfunction of the social brain. However, the deficits in mental state attribution are somehow opposed: Whereas patients with SCZ tend to over-attribute intentions to agents and physical events ("hyper-intentionality"), patients with autism treat people as devoid of intentions ("hypo-intentionality"). Here we aimed to investigate whether this hypo-hyper-intentionality hypothesis can be supported by neural evidence during a mentalizing task. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we investigated the neural responses and functional connectivity during reading others intention. Scanning was performed in 23 individuals with ASD, 18 with paranoid SCZ and 23 gender and IQ matched control subjects. Both clinical groups showed reduced brain activation compared to controls for the contrast intentional vs physical information processing in left posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) and ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vMPFC) for SCZ, and right pSTS in ASD. As predicted, these effects were caused in a group specific way: Relative increased activation for physical information processing in SCZ that was also correlated with positive PANNS score and relative decreased activation for intentional information processing in ASD. Additionally, we could demonstrate opposed connectivity patterns between the right pSTS and vMPFC in the clinical groups, ie, increased for SCZ, decreased for ASD. These findings represent opposed neural signatures in key regions of the social brain as predicted by the hyper-hypo-intentionality hypothesis.