Fuel Supply to the Brain During the Early Postnatal Period
Fuel Supply to the Brain During the Early Postnatal Period
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4615-9567-0_19
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Medina;E. Fernández;J. Bolaños;C. Vicario;C. Arizmendi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Medina;E. Fernández;J. Bolaños;C. Vicario;C. Arizmendi
围产期包括三个时期，即妊娠期、哺乳期和断奶期。妊娠结束于分娩，分娩中断了母体代谢基质的供应，让位给自主代谢。母乳中的营养物质会迅速补充能量，为新生儿提供发育所需的能量和碳骨架。然而，在出生后和哺乳开始之前，有一段时间间隔，在这段时间里，新生儿必须承受一种独特的饥饿。这一时期，这里指的是吸吮前期，是第一次通气和哺乳本身不相容的结果，尽管更可能是由于从子宫到乳腺的代谢基质的强制性变化所经过的时间。然而，在哺乳前阶段，新生儿必须依靠自己的储备来生存，这是一段独特的压力和脆弱时期。为了度过这段短暂而艰难的时期，胎儿积累了重要的能量储备，并调整其代谢机制以适应环境的预期变化；专门用于这种准备的时期可以称为“准备”（图1）。
Perinatal time spans over three periods so called the gestational, suckling and weaning period. Gestation ends in the labor which interrupts maternal supply of metabolic substrates giving way to an autonomous metabolism. The fuel supply is rapidly regained by the milk nutrients which supply the newborn with the energy and carbon skeletons required for its development. However, immediately after birth and before the onset of suckling takes place there is a time lapse during in which the newborn has to withstand a unique starvation. This period, herewith referred to the presucking period, is a consequence of incompatibility of the first strokes of ventilation and suckling itself, although more probably it is due to the time elapsed to the compulsory change in the metabolic substrates from the womb to the mammary glands. Nevertheless, during the presuckling period, the newborn has to survive from its own reserves during an unique period of stress and vulnerability. To get through this short but difficult period, the fetus accumulates important energy reserves and adapts its metabolic machinery to the expected changes in its surroundings; the period devoted to this preparation can be called “prepartum” (Figure 1).