A review on polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell catalyst degradation and starvation issues: Causes, consequences and diagnostic for mitigation
A review on polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell catalyst degradation and starvation issues: Causes, consequences and diagnostic for mitigation
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.03.060
复制
发表时间：
2009-10
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
N. Yousfi-Steiner;P. Moçotéguy;D. Candusso;D. Hissel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Yousfi-Steiner;P. Moçotéguy;D. Candusso;D. Hissel
在质子交换膜燃料电池中，成本、可靠性和耐久性是其商业化前需要解决的重要问题。在运行过程中，它们的性能下降是由于长期老化、瞬变或事故（错误操作）后发生的电化学表面积损失。这些损失主要是由于催化剂金属降解和碳载体腐蚀，这是一个持续的不可逆过程，会大大缩短燃料电池的使用寿命。在本文中，回顾了与催化剂和碳载体降解相关的现象，重点介绍了由燃料和氧化剂缺乏引起的现象，因为这些缺陷条件是燃料电池耐久性的最关键条件之一。对可能涉及催化剂降解的反应的描述，以及与燃料电池运行相关的热力学和动力学考虑进行了回顾。这些信息用于解释文献中提出的实验结果，并在本文中进行了综述。在此基础上，对“反向衰减电流机制”进行了分析，并提出了一种替代机制，同时进行了一项实验，以确定它们之间最可能的机制。最后，列出了一些表征方法或缓解策略，并建立了一个说明性故障树，指出了催化剂降解的原因和症状之间的关系。
In proton exchange membrane fuel cells, cost, reliability and durability are important issues that need to be solved before their commercialization. Their performance decrease during operation is attributed, amongst others, to the loss of electrochemical surface area occurring during long-term ageing, after transients or after an incident (faulty operation). These losses are mainly due to catalyst metal degradation and carbon-support corrosion, which are continuous irreversible processes that can dramatically reduce the fuel cell lifetime. In this paper, the phenomena linked to catalyst and carbon-support degradation are reviewed, focusing on those caused by fuel and oxidant starvation, since these faulty conditions are amongst the most critical for fuel cell durability. A description of reactions potentially involved in the catalyst degradation, associated with thermodynamic and kinetic considerations related to fuel cell operation are reviewed. This information is used to interpret the experimental results presented in the literature and reviewed in this paper. Based on these reviews, an analysis of the “reverse decay current mechanism” is performed and an alternative mechanism is suggested together with an experiment that would identify the most likely between them. Finally, some characterization methods or mitigation strategies are listed and an illustrative fault tree is built, pointing out the relationship between causes and symptoms in catalyst degradation.