Carbon footprint of farmers of different livelihood strategies in Gannan plateau
Carbon footprint of farmers of different livelihood strategies in Gannan plateau
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作者：
Guo Fan
以二氧化碳增加为主要特征的全球气候变暖已经成为人类社会面临的最严峻挑战，如何减少温室气体排放，实现低碳转型迫在眉睫。以甘南高原为研究区域，基于农户调查数据，采用生命周期评价方法，研究甘南高原不同生计策略下农户的碳足迹。本文估算了直接和间接能源消费的碳足迹，并采用最小二乘法分析了农民碳足迹的主要影响因素。结果表明：（1）农户人均碳足迹为2。（2）随着非农化水平的提高，农户、兼业户和非农户的直接和间接能源消费碳足迹依次下降，其中直接碳足迹人均为3. 67 t。70吨，1。93 t和0. 78 t，人均间接碳足迹为0. 62吨，0。44 T和0。随着非农化水平的提高，农户直接能源消费比重将降低，为85。65%，81。43%和72。90%的碳足迹。间接能源消耗将增加，这是14。35%，18. 57%，27。（3）随着农户家庭规模的增加、收入水平的提高、离县城距离的增加以及消费水平的提高，农户的碳足迹不断增长;随着农户受教育程度的提高、恩格尔系数的增加以及非农劳动的深入，农户的碳足迹不断缩小。最后，针对甘南高原的现状，提出了相应的政策建议：一是促进农民生计转型，增强农民生计多元化。二是减少家庭人口，提高劳动力受教育水平。第三，农民应调整生活能源消费模式，如倡导和鼓励农民使用低碳高效的电力或液化石油气。第四，将资源匮乏、居住偏远的农民安置到资源丰富的地方，以便政府合理规划和建设能源基础设施。
As the main feature of the climate change,Global warming which was caused by carbon dioxide increases has already become the most serious challenge for human society,and how to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve low carbon transformation is extremely urgent. Gannan plateau was chosen as the research area in this paper,and based on the peasant household survey data,and adopt life cycle assessment method to study of different livelihood strategies of farmers' carbon footprint in Gannan plateau. The paper estimates the direct and indirect energy consumption carbon footprint,and uses Least Square method to analyze the main influence factor of farmers' carbon footprint. The results show:( 1) The farmer's per capital carbon footprints is 2. 67 t CO2 in Gannan plateau;(2) With the improvement of non-agricultural level,the farming household,and household with combined occupation and off farming household' s direct and indirect energy consumption carbon footprint,in turn,drops,among them,the direct carbon footprint per capita were 3. 70 t,1. 93 t and0. 78 t,indirect carbon footprint per capita were 0. 62 t,0. 44 t and 0. 29 t,And with the non-agricultural level improving,the proportion of the farmer's direct energy consumption will reduce,which is 85. 65%,81. 43% and 72. 90% respectively of its total carbon footprint. And indirect energy consumption will increase,which is 14. 35%,18. 57% and 27. 10%respectively of its total carbon footprint;( 3) With peasant household family size increasing,income levels rising,the distance from the county town increasing and the level of consumption improvement,the farmers' carbon footprint is growing constantly; With the improvement of education degree of farmers,increase of Engel coefficient and non-agricultural labor deepening,the peasant households' carbon footprint is shrinking. Finally,in view of the present situation of Gannan plateau,this paper puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations: First,promoting the transformation of farmerslivelihood,enhancing farmers livelihood diversification. Second, reducing the family population and improving the education level of labor force. Third,the farmer should adjust the life energy consumption pattern,such as advocating and encouraging farmers to use lower carbon efficient electricity or liquefied petroleum gas. Fourth,put the farmer,who lack of resources and live in remote,to a rich resources place,so as to the government can reasonably planning and constructing for energy infrastructure.