An ecologic study of dietary and solar ultraviolet-B links to breast carcinoma mortality rates
An ecologic study of dietary and solar ultraviolet-B links to breast carcinoma mortality rates
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DOI：
10.1002/cncr.10196
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Grant, WB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grant, WB
背景饮食在乳腺癌病因学中的作用已经争论了几十年。生态学方法通常发现，膳食脂肪与乳腺癌死亡率高度相关，鱼类摄入量和太阳紫外线-B（UV-B）辐射，维生素D的来源，呈负相关。病例对照和队列研究通常发现各种化学、非脂肪饮食、环境、遗传、生活方式和生殖因素是重要的。利用35个国家的乳腺癌死亡率（1989-1996年）、饮食供应数据和纬度（太阳UV-B辐射指数）进行了一项生态研究。结果来自动物产品的能量（风险）与来自蔬菜产品的能量（风险降低）相结合，其次是太阳UV-B辐射，以及在较小程度上来自酒精（风险）和鱼类摄入（风险降低）的能量，被认为可以解释乳腺癌死亡率的80%。膳食脂肪在涉及其他因素的回归中的贡献不显着。据推测，动物产品与乳腺癌的风险有关，因为它们与更大量的胰岛素样生长因子和终生剂量的雌激素有关。蔬菜产品含有几种降低风险的成分，包括抗氧化剂和植物雌激素。与纬度的联系很可能是因为太阳紫外线B辐射和维生素D。酒精调节雌激素对乳房的影响。鱼类摄入与通过维生素D和n-3油降低风险有关。这些结果与许多病例对照研究和队列研究的结果一致，但应在wen设计的队列研究中进行评估。(C)2002年美国癌症协会。
BACKGROUND. The role of diet in the etiology of breast carcinoma has been debated for decades. The ecologic approach generally finds that dietary fat is highly associated with breast carcinoma mortality, with fish intake and solar ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation, a source of vitamin D, inversely associated. Case-control and cohort studies generally find a variety of chemical, nonfat dietary, environmental, genetic, lifestyle, and reproductive factors to be important.METHODS. An ecologic study was conducted using breast carcinoma mortality rates (1989-1996), dietary supply data, and latitude (an index of solar UV-B radiation) from 35 countries. RESULTS. The fraction of energy derived from animal products (risk) combined with that from vegetable products (risk reduction), followed by solar UV-B radiation and, to a lesser extent, energy derived from alcohol (risk) and fish intake (risk reduction), were found to explain 80% of the variance of breast carcinoma mortality rates. Dietary fat contributed insignificantly in regressions involving the other factors.CONCLUSIONS. It is hypothesized that animal products are associated with risk for breast carcinoma because they are associated with greater amounts of insulin-like growth factor-land lifetime doses of estrogen. Vegetable products contain several risk reduction components including antioxidants and phytoestrogens. The association with latitude is very likely because of solar UV-B radiation and vitamin D. Alcohol modulates estrogen's effects on breasts. Fish intake is associated with risk reduction through vitamin D and n-3 oils. These results are consistent with those of many case-control and cohort studies but should be assessed in wen designed cohort studies. (C) 2002 American Cancer Society.