External motivation to avoid prejudice alters neural responses to targets varying in race and status.
External motivation to avoid prejudice alters neural responses to targets varying in race and status.
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避免偏见的外部动机会改变对不同种族和地位目标的神经反应。
DOI：
10.1093/scan/nsx128
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Cloutier,Jasmin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mattan,BradleyD;Kubota,JenniferT;Dang,TzipporahP;Cloutier,Jasmin
那些在不带偏见地回应（EMS）的外部动机高的人在描述他人时倾向于关注非种族属性。这项功能性磁共振成像研究检查了种族和另一种刻板相关属性（即，社会经济地位：SES）作为感知者EMS的函数。61名白色参与者私下形成了黑人和白色面孔的印象，这些面孔被归因于高或低的SES。分析集中在支持基于种族和地位的奖励/显着性（NAcc），评估（VMPFC）和威胁/相关性（杏仁核）的区域。与先前基于状态评估的文献中的研究结果一致，我们观察到当参与者EMS相对较低时，所有感兴趣区域中对高状态（vslow状态）目标的神经反应更大。相反，当参与者的EMS水平相对较高时，我们观察到相反的模式。值得注意的是，所有影响都与目标种族无关。总之，白色知觉者的种族相关动机同样改变了他们对黑人和白色目标SES的神经反应。具体而言，研究结果表明，EMS可能会减弱高地位的积极价值和/或显着性在混血背景下。研究结果进行了讨论的背景下，种族和SES之间的刻板印象的关系。
Those who are high in external motivation to respond without prejudice (EMS) tend to focus on non-racial attributes when describing others. This fMRI study examined the neural processing of race and an alternative yet stereotypically relevant attribute (viz., socioeconomic status: SES) as a function of the perceiver’s EMS. Sixty-one White participants privately formed impressions of Black and White faces ascribed with high or low SES. Analyses focused on regions supporting race- and status-based reward/salience (NAcc), evaluation (VMPFC) and threat/relevance (amygdala). Consistent with previous findings from the literature on status-based evaluation, we observed greater neural responses to high-status (vslow-status) targets in all regions of interest when participants were relatively low in EMS. In contrast, we observed the opposite pattern when participants were relatively high in EMS. Notably, all effects were independent of target race. In summary, White perceivers’ race-related motivations similarly altered their neural responses to the SES of Black and White targets. Specifically, the findings suggest that EMS may attenuate the positive value and/or salience of high status in a mixed-race context. Findings are discussed in the context of the stereotypic relationship between race and SES.