Arsenic hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L. and its arsenic accumulation
Arsenic hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L. and its arsenic accumulation
复制标题
DOI：
10.1360/02tb9202
复制
发表时间：
2002-06-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fan, ZL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, TB;Wei, CY;Fan, ZL
通过野外调查和温室栽培，在中国首次发现砷超富集植物Pteris vittata L. （Chinese brake）。野外调查表明，中国制动器对砷具有较大的富集能力；蕨类植物不同部位的砷含量顺序为：叶片>叶柄>根，与普通植物完全不同；蕨类植物地上部分的生物积累系数随土壤砷含量的幂函数而降低。在含砷量为9 mg/kg的正常未污染土壤的盆栽对照试验中，黄芪地上部和根茎的生物积累系数分别高达71和80。矿区污染土壤的温室栽培表明，蕨类植物叶片中砷的积累量是田间样品的1倍以上，干物质含量最高为5070 mg/kg。在温室栽培过程中，蕨类植物叶片中砷含量随栽培时间的延长呈线性增加。中国菜不仅对砷具有极强的耐受性和蓄积性，而且生长迅速，生物量大，分布广，对不同的环境条件适应能力强。因此，它在未来砷污染的修复中具有很大的潜力。对砷在植物体内的吸收、转运和解毒机制等生理生化研究具有重要价值。
An arsenic hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L. (Chinese brake) was first discovered in China by means of field survey and greenhouse cultivation. Field survey showed that Chinese brake had large accumulating capacity to arsenic ; the orders of arsenic content in different parts of the fern were as follows: leaves>leafstalks>roots, which is totally different from that of ordinary plants; bioaccamulation coefficients of the above ground parts of the fern decreased as a power function of soil arsenic contents. In the control of pot trials with normal unpolluted soil containing 9 mg/kg of arsenic, the bioaccumulation coefficients of the above ground parts and rhizoids of Chinese brake were as high as 71 and 80 respectively. Greenhouse cultivation in the contaminated soil from mining areas has shown that more than 1 times greater arsenic can be accumulated in the leaves of the fern than that of field samples with the largest content of 5070 mg/kg As on a dry matter basis. During greenhouse cultivation, arsenic content in the leaves of the fern increased linearly with time prolonging. Not only has Chinese brake extraordinary tolerance and accumulation to arsenic, but it grew rapidly with great biomass, wide distribution and easy adaptation to different environmental conditions as well. Therefore, it has great potential in future remediation of arsenic contamination. It also demonstrates important value for studies of arsenic physiology and biochemistry such as arsenic absorption, translocation and detoxification mechanisms in plants.