Individual-Group Discontinuity: Further Evidence for Mediation by Fear and Greed
Individual-Group Discontinuity: Further Evidence for Mediation by Fear and Greed
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个体与群体的不连续性：恐惧与贪婪调节的进一步证据
DOI：
10.1177/0146167293194007
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发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Kenny Dahl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Schopler;C. Insko;Kenneth A. Graetz;S. Drigotas;Valerie A. Smith;Kenny Dahl
作者先前已经表明，群体间的相互作用比个体间的相互作用更具竞争性，并将这种现象称为不连续效应。他们认为，这种影响部分是由于群体成员害怕被外群体利用。实验1发现，当受试者被允许选择一个单一的，安全的替代品，一个显着的，虽然竞争性较小的影响仍然存在。集团间的竞争也可能是由贪婪驱动的。实验2和实验3检验了群体内容是否有利于为完全利己的行为提供社会支持。受过训练的角色扮演者一致建议选择合作或竞争的选项，在囚犯的困境游戏和组收到的审判由审判的反馈外组的反应。结果的模式是一致的假设，即在一个脆弱的对手的存在下，群体成员往往提供社会支持的直接自身利益。
The authors have previously shown that intergroup interactions are dramatically more competitive than interindividual interactions and have termed this phenomenon a discontinuity effect. They believe that this effect is partly driven by group members' fear of being exploited by the out-group. Experiment 1 found that when subjects were allowed to select a single, safe alternative, a significant, albeit descriptively smaller competitive effect remained. Intergroup competiteness may also be driven by greed. Experiments 2 and 3 tested whether the group content is propitious for providing social support for totally self-interested acts. Trained role-players consistently suggested selecting either the cooperative or the competitive option in a prisoner's dilemma game; and groups received trial-by-trial feedback about the out-group's responding. The pattern of results is consistent with the assumption that, in the presence of a vulnerable opponent, group members tend to provide social support for immediate self-interest.