The Origins and Early Development of Possessive Behavior
The Origins and Early Development of Possessive Behavior
复制标题
DOI：
10.2307/3790969
复制
发表时间：
1980-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
L. Furby
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Furby
占有态度和占有行为是政治生活的重要组成部分。本文讨论了与占有有关的行为的本质，重点是它在幼儿期的发展起源。占有被分析为两个基本组成部分：（1）效能或能力动机，（2）与个人占有相关的自我意识。本讨论所依据的实证研究包括：（1）对270名美国、以色列基布兹和以色列城市儿童和成人的访谈研究;（2）对早期同伴互动的观察研究。有人认为，占有的起源是在幼儿的普遍动机特征（效果动机与生命的第二年突然增加的流动性）中发现的，与周围环境的同样普遍的结构特征（年龄较大的儿童和成人的努力，以保护某些对象免受损害和破坏）相互作用。然而，随着发展，对物品的控制成为幼儿期支配和权力关系的一个重要方面，与财产有关的社会化被视为政治社会化的一个重要组成部分。
Possessive attitudes and behaviors are an important constituent in political life. This paper discusses the nature of possession-related behavior, with an emphasis on its developmental origins in early childhood. Possession is analyzed in relation to two basic components: (1) effectance or competence motivation, and (2) a sense of self associated with personal possessions. The empirical work upon which this discussion is based consists of (1) an interview study with 270 American, Israeli kibbutz, and Israeli city children and adults, and (2) observational studies of early peer interaction. It is argued that the origins of possession are found in universal motivational characteristics of young children (effectance motivation in conjunction with suddenly increasing mobility in the second year of life), in interaction with equally universal structural characteristics of their surrounding environments (older children and adults' efforts to protect certain objects from damage and destruction). With development, however, the control of objects becomes an important aspect of dominance and power relations in early childhood, and socialization with respect to possessions is viewed as an important component of political socialization.