A predictive hazard perception paradigm differentiates driving experience cross-culturally
A predictive hazard perception paradigm differentiates driving experience cross-culturally
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DOI：
10.1016/j.trf.2014.07.010
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Crundall, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lim, Phui Cheng;Sheppard, Elizabeth;Crundall, David
危险感知测试（英语：Hazard perception test）在一些发达国家被用作驾驶执照发放程序的一部分，被认为可以改善道路安全;然而，在占世界道路死亡人数80%的发展中国家，对危险感知测试的研究相对较少。先前的研究表明，这些国家的驾驶员可能对危险的道路情况不敏感，从而增加了对危险的反应时间，从而产生了典型的HP反应时间范式的有效性问题。本研究比较了马来西亚和英国司机的HP技能时，观看在这两个国家拍摄的视频剪辑，使用的预测范式，危险标准不能影响性能。在英国拍摄的片段成功地区分了来自两个国家的参与者的经验，但在马来西亚的视频中没有这种区分。马来西亚司机对危险的预测总体上也不太准确，这表明在马来西亚道路上暴露于更多的危险对参与者的预测危险感知技能没有积极影响。尽管如此，这种预测范式中指出的经验歧视可能为发展中国家的危险感知测试提供一种实际的替代方法。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Hazard perception (HP) tests are used in several developed countries as part of the driver licensing process, where they are believed to have improved road safety; however, relatively little HP research has been conducted in developing countries, which account for 80% of the world's road fatalities. Previous research suggests that drivers in these countries may be desensitized to hazardous road situations and thus have increased response latencies to hazards, creating validity issues with the typical HP reaction time paradigm. The present study compared Malaysian and UK drivers' HP skills when watching video clips filmed in both countries, using a predictive paradigm where hazard criterion could not affect performance. Clips filmed in the UK successfully differentiated experience in participants from both countries, however there was no such differentiation in the Malaysian set of videos. Malaysian drivers also predicted hazards less accurately overall, indicating that exposure to a greater number of hazards on Malaysian roads did not have a positive effect on participants' predictive hazard perception skill. Nonetheless the experiential discrimination noted in this predictive paradigm may provide a practical alternative for hazard perception testing in developing countries. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.