Bioaccessibility, biotransformation, and transport of α-mangostin from Garcinia mangostana (Mangosteen) using simulated digestion and Caco-2 human intestinal cells
Bioaccessibility, biotransformation, and transport of α-mangostin from Garcinia mangostana (Mangosteen) using simulated digestion and Caco-2 human intestinal cells
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DOI：
10.1002/mnfr.200800260
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Failla, Mark L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bumrungpert, Akkarach;Kalpravidh, Ruchaneekorn W.;Failla, Mark L.
α-和γ-山竹素是山竹果实中含量最丰富的异戊烯化氧杂蒽酮。据报道，这些化合物具有许多生物活性，为山竹果产品作为营养保健品和功能性食品和膳食补充剂的使用提供了动力。山竹果对健康的促进作用取决于将氧杂蒽酮传递到目标组织。在这里，我们使用模拟消化和Caco-2细胞来研究α-和γ-倒捻子素的消化稳定性、生物可及性和肠细胞转运。果皮和果肉模拟消化后，α-和γ-倒捻子素的回收率超过90%。在模拟消化过程中，α-和γ-倒捻子素向水相部分的转移是有效的（65-74%），并且依赖于胆汁盐，这表明胶束化是氧杂蒽酮的最佳生物可及性所必需的。细胞从胶束中摄取氧杂蒽酮具有剂量依赖性，细胞内浓度在1 h时达到最大值。α-倒捻子素的游离和II相代谢产物都在基底侧室中转运，代谢产物也流出到顶室中。与禁食条件相比，在类膳食期间α-倒捻子素的跨上皮转运增加，表明膳食脂肪增强了吸收。
alpha- and gamma-Mangostin are the most abundant prenylated xanthones present in the fruit of the mangosteen tree. These compounds have been reported to possess numerous bioactivities that have provided the impetus for use of mangosteen products as nutraceuticals and in functional foods and dietary supplements. The health-promoting benefits of mangosteen are dependent on delivery of the xanthones to target tissues. Here, we used simulated digestion and Caco-2 cells to investigate the digestive stability, bioaccessibility, and intestinal cell transport of alpha- and gamma- mangostin. Recovery of alpha- and gamma-mangostin after simulated digestion of pericarp and fruit pulp exceeded 90%. Transfer of alpha- and gamma-mangostin to the aqueous fraction during simulated digestion was efficient (65-74%) and dependent on bile salts suggesting that micellarization is required for optimal bioaccessibility of xanthones. Cell uptake of xanthones from micelles was dose dependent and intracellular concentrations were maximum by 1 h. Both free and phase II metabolites of alpha-mangostin were transported in the basolateral compartment and metabolites also effluxed into the apical chamber. Transepithelial transport of alpha- mangostin was increased during prandial-like compared to fasted conditions suggesting that absorption is enhanced by dietary fat.