Support network characteristics associated with support satisfaction and perceived support
Support network characteristics associated with support satisfaction and perceived support
复制标题
与支持满意度和感知支持相关的支持网络特征
DOI：
10.1007/bf00914932
复制
发表时间：
1985
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
D. Harrison
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Vaux;D. Harrison
社会支持网络、支持行为和支持的主观评价（感知、满意度）已成为社会支持概念化和测量的三种方法。我们将这些视为社会支持元结构的三个同样合法的组成部分，并询问哪些支持网络特征与对支持的看法和满意度相关。 98 名非传统女学生（年龄 30 至 61 岁）提供了有关提供五种支持模式的网络特征、对每种支持模式的满意度以及家人、朋友和其他人对支持的看法的数据。双变量和多变量分析得出了复杂的结果，但表明支持感知和满意度与支持模式特定网络的规模、网络关系的紧密程度和网络的组成有关，特别是配偶的存在，以及亲密朋友、社交熟人和直系亲属的比例。自从Cobb（1976）的热情评论以来，大量以“社会支持”为主题的实证文献出现了——认识到社会背景在个人福祉和痛苦的发展和维持中的重要性。不幸的是，这项研究往往是在没有对社会支持结构进行先决理论和概念分析的情况下进行的，导致大量特殊的措施（通常是事后的）与不明确的概念表现出可疑的相关性（Barrera，1981；Dean＆Lin，1977；Heller＆Swindle，1983；Thoits，1982）。
Social support networks, supportive behaviors, and subjective appraisals of support (perceptions, satisfaction) have emerged as three approaches to social support conceptualization and measurement. We see these as three equally legitimate components of the social support meta-construct, and ask what support network characteristics are associated with perceptions of and satisfaction with support. Ninety-eight nontraditional women students (ages 30 to 61) provided data on characteristics of networks providing five modes of support, satisfaction with each mode of support, and perceptions of support from family, friends, and others. Bi- and multivariate analyses yielded complex findings but indicated that support perceptions and satisfaction are related to size of support mode-specific networks, closeness of network relationships, and composition of networks, particularly the presence of a spouse, and the proportion of close friends, social acquaintances, and immediate family. Since Cobb's (1976) enthusiastic review, a huge volume of empirical literature has emerged under the rubric of "social support"-recognition of the importance of social context in the development and maintenance of individual well-being and distress. Unfortunately, this research has often been conducted without the prerequisite theoretical and conceptual analysis of the social support construct, resulting in a plethora of idiosyncratic measures (often post hoc) exhibiting dubious relevance to unclear concepts (Barrera, 1981; Dean & Lin, 1977; Heller & Swindle, 1983; Thoits, 1982).