Annual Research Review: On the relations among self-regulation, self-control, executive functioning, effortful control, cognitive control, impulsivity, risk-taking, and inhibition for developmental psychopathology.
Annual Research Review: On the relations among self-regulation, self-control, executive functioning, effortful control, cognitive control, impulsivity, risk-taking, and inhibition for developmental psychopathology.
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DOI：
10.1111/jcpp.12675
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发表时间：
2017-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nigg JT
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文献类型：
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作者：
Nigg JT
背景自我调节（SR）是发展性精神病理学的核心，但其进展一直受到各领域和文献中不同术语和含义的阻碍。MethodsThe本综述试图通过指出先前混淆的关键来源，如测量概念混淆，然后论证以下要点来推动讨论。和认知，涉及自上而下和自下而上的监管过程。这并不假设情感、行动和认知之间存在一个共同的核心过程，而是为了澄清关于SR类型的各种主张的程度。这些包括（a）开发早期和解决即时冲突信号的基本过程，如认知控制和努力控制（EC），以及（B）解决未来冲突的复杂认知和策略，由执行功能的复杂方面的调节应用代表。执行功能（EF）和认知控制与SR不同，因为它们可以用于其他活动，但在认知水平上解释了SR的自上而下方面。第三，冲动、冒险和去抑制虽然有重叠，但它们是不同的;与精神病理学相关的SR的分类需要区分它们。第四，SR宇宙的不同方面可以根据粒度、开发和时间进行分层组织。低级别组件组装成高级别组件。这种层次的观点是一致的literations.ConclusionsIt是希望在这里概述的框架将有利于整合和串扰之间的调查工作从不同的角度，并促进个体差异研究SR如何涉及到发展精神病理学。
BackgroundSelf‐regulation (SR) is central to developmental psychopathology, but progress has been impeded by varying terminology and meanings across fields and literatures.MethodsThe present review attempts to move that discussion forward by noting key sources of prior confusion such as measurement‐concept confounding, and then arguing the following major points.ResultsFirst, the field needs a domain‐general construct of SR that encompasses SR of action, emotion, and cognition and involves both top‐down and bottom‐up regulatory processes. This does not assume a shared core process across emotion, action, and cognition, but is intended to provide clarity on the extent of various claims about kinds of SR. Second, top‐down aspects of SR need to be integrated. These include (a) basic processes that develop early and address immediate conflict signals, such as cognitive control and effortful control (EC), and (b) complex cognition and strategies for addressing future conflict, represented by the regulatory application of complex aspects of executive functioning. Executive function (EF) and cognitive control are not identical to SR because they can be used for other activities, but account for top‐down aspects of SR at the cognitive level. Third, impulsivity, risk‐taking, and disinhibition are distinct although overlapping; a taxonomy of the kinds of breakdowns of SR associated with psychopathology requires their differentiation. Fourth, different aspects of the SR universe can be organized hierarchically in relation to granularity, development, and time. Low‐level components assemble into high‐level components. This hierarchical perspective is consistent across literatures.ConclusionsIt is hoped that the framework outlined here will facilitate integration and cross‐talk among investigators working from different perspectives, and facilitate individual differences research on how SR relates to developmental psychopathology.