Longitudinal Evaluation of the Efficacy of Heat Treatment Procedures against Legionella spp. in Hospital Water Systems by Using a Flow Cytometric Assay
Longitudinal Evaluation of the Efficacy of Heat Treatment Procedures against Legionella spp. in Hospital Water Systems by Using a Flow Cytometric Assay
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DOI:
10.1128/aem.02225-10
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发表时间:
2011-02-01
影响因子:
4.4
通讯作者:
Berthelot, Philippe
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Allegra, Severine;Grattard, Florence;Berthelot, Philippe
Legionella spp. are frequently isolated in hospital water systems. Heat shock (30 min at 70 degrees C) is recommended by the World Health Organization to control its multiplication. The aim of the study was to evaluate retrospectively the efficacy of heat treatments by using a flow cytometry assay (FCA) able to identify viable but nonculturable (VBNC) cells. The study included Legionella strains (L. pneumophila [3 clusters] and L. anisa [1 cluster]) isolated from four hot water circuits of different hospital buildings in Saint-Etienne, France, during a 20-year prospective surveillance. The strains recovered from the different circuits were not epidemiologically related, but the strains isolated within a same circuit over time exhibited an identical genotypic profile. After an in vitro treatment of 30 min at 70 degrees C, the mean percentage of viable cells and VBNC cells varied from 4.6% to 71.7%. The in vitro differences in heat sensitivity were in agreement with the observed efficacy of preventive and corrective heating measures used to control water contamination. These results suggest that Legionella strains can become heat resistant after heating treatments for a long time and that flow cytometry could be helpful to check the efficacy of heat treatments on Legionella spp. and to optimize the decontamination processes applied to water systems for the control of Legionella proliferation.