The association between optimal lifestyle adherence and short-term incidence of chronic conditions among employees.
The association between optimal lifestyle adherence and short-term incidence of chronic conditions among employees.
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DOI：
10.1089/pop.2009.0075
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发表时间：
2010-12
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
N. Pronk;M. Lowry;T. Kottke;E. Austin;Jason M. Gallagher;Abigail S. Katz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Pronk;M. Lowry;T. Kottke;E. Austin;Jason M. Gallagher;Abigail S. Katz
“最佳生活方式”，包括戒烟，足够的体育活动，每天吃5份水果和蔬菜，以及少量饮酒或不饮酒，与长期观察老年人患慢性病的风险低有关。目前尚不清楚，当观察仅限于短期跟踪的就业人员时，是否存在这些相同的关联。这项调查的目的是研究坚持最佳生活方式和慢性疾病的发病率之间的关联，在员工超过2年的时间。Logistic回归分析用于评估员工（N = 6848）坚持最佳生活方式与2年期间糖尿病、心脏病、癌症、高血压、高胆固醇和背痛发病率之间的关联。所有数据均为自我报告。坚持最佳生活方式的任何3个组成部分与糖尿病（比值比[OR] = 0.56; 95%置信区间[CI] = 0.31-0.97）和背痛（OR = 0.69; 95% CI = 0.53-0.92）的近期发病率显著降低相关。坚持所有4种最佳生活方式与较低的近期背痛发生率显著相关（OR = 0.44; 95%CI = 0.26-0.76）。体力活动与心脏病（OR = 0.60; 95%CI = 0.38-0.95）、高胆固醇（OR = 0.80; 95%CI = 0.66-0.99）和糖尿病（OR = 0.51; 95%CI = 0.30-0.86）的近期发病风险显著降低相关。坚持最佳生活方式，特别是足够的体力活动，与发展几种慢性疾病的近期风险较低有关。雇主和付款人在制订政策或分配资源以提供健康护理和促进健康服务时，应考虑这一事实。
"Optimal lifestyle," comprising abstinence from smoking, adequate physical activity, eating 5 servings of fruits and vegetables each day, and consuming limited or no alcohol, is associated with low risk of chronic disease when unselected populations are observed for long periods of time. It is unclear whether these same associations are present when observation is limited to employed individuals followed for a brief period of time. The purpose of this investigation was to study the association between adherence to optimal lifestyle and the incidence of chronic conditions among employees over a 2-year period. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between employees' (N = 6848) adherence to optimal lifestyle and the incidence of diabetes, heart disease, cancer, hypertension, high cholesterol, and back pain during a 2-year period. All data were self-reported. Adherence to any 3 components of the optimal lifestyle was associated with a significantly lower near-term incidence of diabetes (odds ratio [OR] = 0.56; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.31-0.97) and back pain (OR = 0.69; 95% CI = 0.53-0.92). Adherence to all 4 optimal lifestyle components was significantly associated with lower near-term incidence of back pain (OR = 0.44; 95% CI = 0.26-0.76). Physical activity was associated with significantly lower near-term incidence risk of heart disease (OR = 0.60; 95% CI = 0.38-0.95), high cholesterol (OR = 0.80; 95% CI = 0.66-0.99), and diabetes (OR = 0.51; 95% CI = 0.30-0.86). Adherence to optimal lifestyle, in particular adequate physical activity, is associated with lower near-term risk of developing several chronic conditions. Employers and payers should consider this fact when formulating policy or allocating resources for health care and health promotion.