Multiple sources and multiple causes multiply explored
Multiple sources and multiple causes multiply explored
复制标题
多重来源和多重原因进行了多次探索
DOI：
10.1075/sl.37.3.08jos
复制
发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
0.5
通讯作者：
B. Joseph
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Joseph
在语言分析的各个层面（音韵学、句法、语义学等）和一系列的历史研究中，包括词源学和变异研究，语言中有多种来源。此外，从方法论的角度来看，认识多种来源通常是良好的历史语言学实践（与倾向于满足奥卡姆剃刀的简洁优雅的解决方案相反）。也就是说，如果我们能够识别语言系统某些部分的多重压力，就不能总是轻易地排除某些甚至全部可能在形成特定发展中发挥作用的可能性；如果所有的因素都代表了说话者可能意识到并受其影响的合理压力，那么排除任何因素都是武断的。因此，在本文中，我调查了语言变化的各种领域中多源的广度，并提出了多源可能导致的一个特定结果，即假设识别多源可以作为假设原始语言变异的基础，这种变异是在单一语言内部和相关语言之间实现的。
Multiple sources abound in language, at all levels of linguistic analysis (phonology, syntax, semantics, etc.), and in a range of historical pursuits, including etymology and variationist investigations. From a methodological standpoint, moreover, recognizing multiple sources is often good historical linguistic practice (contrary to inclinations towards neat and elegant solutions that satisfy Occam’s Razor). That is, if we can identify multiple pressures on some part of a language system, it cannot always readily be excluded that some or even all might have played a role in shaping a particular development; if all of the factors represent reasonable pressures that speakers could have been aware of and influenced by, excluding any could simply be arbitrary. In this paper, accordingly, I survey the breadth of multiple sources in a variety of areas of language change, and advance one particular consequence that multiple sources can lead to, namely the hypothesis that recognizing multiple sources can be a basis for positing proto-language variation that is realized in variation within single languages and across related languages.