FREQUENCY OF UROLITHIASIS IN A PREPAID MEDICAL-CARE PROGRAM
FREQUENCY OF UROLITHIASIS IN A PREPAID MEDICAL-CARE PROGRAM
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DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113297
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发表时间：
1982-01-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
HUNKELER, EM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HIATT, RA;DALES, LG;HUNKELER, EM
尿路结石的发生率在美国北加州凯撒基金会健康计划服务的大量人群中进行了评估。这项研究涉及三个不同的小组。数据来自.apprx的问卷调查。在1964-1972年期间，175 000名成年人接受了多相健康检查；在这些健康状况一般的成年成员中，26.2/1000人(32.0/1000男性和21.0/1000女性)报告说，医生曾告诉他们有尿路结石。数据来自1970-1972年间旧金山门诊部服务的139,000人；每年1.22/1000(男性1.81/1000，女性0.59/1000)被初步诊断为新的或复发的上尿路结石。第三组数据来自1971年至1975年整个北加州地区；每年有0.36/1000(男性0.52/1000，女性0.19/100)因被诊断为上尿路结石而出院。所有比率都根据1960年美国人口普查人口的年龄进行了调整。在这三个比率中，从门诊就诊记录得出的比率最接近于估计发病率，因为几乎所有住院的人都是第一次被视为门诊患者。肾结石的诊断率在男性中是男性的3倍，虽然在20岁之前很少见，但频率迅速增加，并在40-59岁年龄组达到顶峰。白人的结石发生率大约是黑人和东方人的两倍；根据教育水平衡量，结石的发生率与社会经济地位成反比。超过90%的结石发生在上尿路，大部分含有草酸钙。在美国，以人群为基础的肾结石发生率并不普遍。与少数可用研究的比较表明，凯撒基金会健康计划人群中的发病率可能很高。
The rate of occurrence of stones of the urinary tract was assessed in a large population served by the Northern California Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, USA. The study involved 3 separate groups. Data were obtained by questionnaire from .apprx. 175,000 adults who took a multiphasic health checkup in the period 1964-1972; of these generally well adult members, 26.2/1000 persons (32.0/1000 men and 21.0/1000 women) reported having ever been told by a physician that they had a urinary tract stone. Data were obtained from 139,000 persons served by the San Francisco outpatient facility in 1970-1972; 1.22/1000 per yr (1.81/1000 men and 0.59/1000 women) had an initial diagnosis of a new or recurrent stone of the upper urinary tract. The 3rd set of data was procured from the entire Northern California region in 1971-1975; 0.36/1000 (0.52/1000 men and 0.19/100 women) were discharged from a hospital each year with a diagnosis of upper urinary tract stone. All rates were age-adjusted to the 1960 USA Census population. Of these 3 rates, the rate derived from the outpatient visit record most closely estimates incidence, since nearly all persons who are hospitalized are first seen as outpatients. Rates of kidney stone diagnosis were 3 times more common in men and, although rare before 20 yr of age, the frequency increased rapidly and peaked in the age group 40-59 yr. Rates were approximately twice as high in Whites as in Blacks and Orientals; the frequency of stones was inversely related to socioeconomic status as measured by level of education. Over 90% of stones occurred in the upper urinary tract, and the majority contained calcium oxalate. Population-based rates of occurrence of kidney stones are not generally available in the USA. Comparisons with the few available studies indicate that rates in the Kaiser Foundation Health Plan population may be high.