Trichoderma harzianum enhances tomato indirect defense against aphids
Trichoderma harzianum enhances tomato indirect defense against aphids
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DOI：
10.1111/1744-7917.12475
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Digilio, Maria Cristina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Coppola, Mariangela;Cascone, Pasquale;Digilio, Maria Cristina
木霉属的许多真菌根共生体因其对农艺性能和抵御植物病原体的有益作用而闻名；此外，它们可以通过触发植物抗性机制来增强对害虫的保护。针对昆虫的防御屏障是通过激活与防御相关的植物化合物产生相关的代谢途径而诱导的，这些化合物要么直接针对草食动物昆虫，要么通过增加草食动物天敌的吸引力而发挥间接作用。在由番茄植物、大戟蚜虫和寄生蜂蚜虫组成的模型系统中，评估了哈茨木霉引起的植物代谢变化及其对较高营养水平的影响。 T. harzianum T22 处理会诱导一种启动状态，在蚜虫攻击时，会增加对蚜虫寄生蜂的吸引力，这是通过增加挥发性有机化合物 (VOC) 的产生来介导的，而挥发性有机化合物 (VOC) 已知会诱导蚜虫飞行。对受蚜虫侵染的 T22 处理植物进行转录组测序，结果显示与萜类化合物生物合成和水杨酸途径相关的基因显着上调，这与观察到的 A. ervi 飞行反应和该行为反应背后的 VOC 花束特征一致。
Many fungal root symbionts of the genus Trichoderma are well-known for their beneficial effects on agronomic performance and protection against plant pathogens; moreover, they may enhance protection from insect pests, by triggering plant resistance mechanisms. Defense barriers against insects are induced by the activation of metabolic pathways involved in the production of defense-related plant compounds, either directly active against herbivore insects, or exerting an indirect effect, by increasing the attraction of herbivore natural enemies. In a model system composed of the tomato plant, the aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae and the parasitoid Aphidius ervi, plant metabolic changes induced by Trichoderma harzianum and their effects on higher trophic levels have been assessed. T. harzianum T22 treatments induce a primed state that upon aphid attacks leads to an increased attraction of aphid parasitoids, mediated by the enhanced production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are known to induce Aphidius ervi flight. Transcriptome sequencing of T22-treated plants infested by aphids showed a remarkable upregulation of genes involved in terpenoids biosynthesis and salicylic acid pathway, which are consistent with the observed flight response of A. ervi and the VOC bouquet profile underlying this behavioral response.