Can health care teams improve primary care practice?
Can health care teams improve primary care practice?
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DOI：
10.1001/jama.291.10.1246
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发表时间：
2004-03-10
影响因子：
120.7
通讯作者：
Bodenheimer, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grumbach, K;Bodenheimer, T
在卫生保健机构中，来自不同学科的人聚集在一起照顾病人。虽然这些卫生保健人员小组通常被称为团队，但他们需要通过展示团队合作来获得真正的团队地位。发展卫生保健团队需要关注两个核心问题：谁在团队中以及团队成员如何协同工作？本文主要讨论第二个问题。有凝聚力的医疗团队有5个关键特征：明确的目标和可衡量的结果、临床和管理系统、分工、所有团队成员的培训和有效的沟通。本文描述了两个展示这些组成部分的组织：缅因州班戈的一个私人初级保健实践和凯撒医疗机构的格鲁吉亚地区初级保健站点。对患者护理团队的研究表明，具有更大凝聚力的团队与更好的临床结果测量和更高的患者满意度相关。此外，医生和非医生专业人员作为团队一起工作的医疗环境可以证明改善了患者的治疗效果。团队形成存在许多障碍，主要与人际关系和个性的挑战有关。向团队发展迈出一小步可能会改善初级保健实践中的工作环境。
In health care settings, individuals from different disciplines come together to care for patients. Although these groups of health care personnel are generally called teams, they need to earn true team status by demonstrating teamwork. Developing health care teams requires attention to 2 central questions: who is on the team and how do team members work together? This article chiefly focuses on the second question. Cohesive health care teams have 5 key characteristics: clear goals with measurable outcomes, clinical and administrative systems, division of labor, training of all team members, and effective communication. Two organizations are described that demonstrate these components: a private primary care practice in Bangor, Me, and Kaiser Permanente's Georgia region primary care sites. Research on patient care teams suggests that teams with greater cohesiveness are associated with better clinical outcome measures and higher patient satisfaction. In addition, medical settings in which physicians and nonphysician professionals work together as teams can demonstrate improved patient outcomes. A number of barriers to team formation exist, chiefly related to the challenges of human relationships and personalities. Taking small steps toward team development may improve the work environment in primary care practices.