Reaction Coupled Transport and Hydrodynamics in a Phase Transfer Catalysis

本项目是研究与相转移催化(PTC)相关的反应耦合输运。总体目标是开发和使用基于转盘流体力学的新型接触装置，以研究控制PTC速率的化学动力学和传输机制。具体项目是：1)继续当前旋转圆盘上固-液PTC的研究；2)开发一种新型的液-液接触装置，并将其应用于液-液PTC的研究；3)开展基于PTC的新型应用和基于膜的能量传递的探索性研究。到目前为止，PTC主要是由化学家研究的，他们已经发现了数百种具有潜在工业意义的新的有机合成。目前，没有足够的关于化学反应机理和速率的定量知识，无法进行系统的化学反应工程和PTC系统的扩大。这种方法的创新之处在于开发和使用了具有流体动力学可变传质特性的接触装置来研究PTC动力学和传质。预计拟议的研究将对以下方面产生影响：1)对PTC的基本科学理解，2)PTC反应的反应工程和放大，以及3)PTC在反应和传输过程耦合(“光化学”)中的新应用。此外，具有统一界面的新型流体-流体接触装置的开发将有助于物理化学流体力学的许多其他分支。

This project is an investigation of reaction-coupled transport associated with PTC (phase-transfer catalysis). The general objectives are to develop and employ novel contacting devices, based on rotating-disk hydrodynamics, to investigate the chemical-kinetic and transport mechanisms which govern the rate of PTC. Specific projects are: 1) to continue current studies of solid-liquid PTC over a rotating disk 2) to develop a novel fluid-fluid contacting device, for which a theory is already worked out, and to employ it to investigate liquid-liquid PTC, and 3) to carry out several exploratory studies of novel applications and membrane-based energy transduction based on PTC. To date, PTC has been studied mainly by chemists, who have now discovered hundreds of new organic synthesis having potential industrial importance. At present, not enough quantitative knowledge is available on chemical mechanisms and rates to allow for systematic chemical-reaction engineering and scale-up of PTC systems. The novelty in this approach resides in the development and use of contacting devices with hydrodynamically variable mass transfer characteristics to study PTC kinetics and mass transfer. The proposed research is expected to have an impact on 1) the basic scientific understanding of PTC, 2) the reaction engineering and scale-up of PTC reactions, and 3) new applications of PTC to the coupling of reaction and transport processes ("phoretochemistry"). In addition, the proposed development of a novel fluid-fluid contacting device with uniform interface would contribute to numerous other branches of physicochemical hydrodynamics.