US - Philippines Cooperative Research: Tolerance of SelectedMaize Genotypes to Nutritional Problems Related to Soil Acidity

这项建议要求资金，以允许苏珊U博士。华莱士和 Ulysses S.克莱姆森农学与土壤系琼斯 大学，与植物研究所的亨利·P·萨蒙特博士合作 菲律宾大学洛斯巴奥斯分校（UPLB）， 为期24个月，一个关于耐受性的研究计划， 选择玉米基因型对土壤相关营养问题的影响 酸度 玉米基因型将从田间选择 UPLB的筛选计划，在那里他们将被评估的增长， 产量和营养状况的三种不同的酸性土壤的 菲律宾 与植物适应有关的营养因素将 玉米基因型的分化能力 以改变根区酸度。 据估计，世界上近一半的 非灌溉耕地面积由酸性土壤组成。 在强 在酸性土壤中，植物生长可能受到以下几种中的一种或多种的限制： 矿物质压力，包括缺乏磷，钙， 镁和过量的氢离子、锰和铝。 克服酸性土壤贫瘠的一种方法是化学方法 用石灰等抗酸剂治疗，并补充 矿物 另一种方法，更适合不太富裕的人 国家，是确定适应土壤的植物基因型 酸度 在这个项目中，合作者将确定这样的 玉米基因型以及与适应相关的植物性状 一种或多种酸性土壤。 含有这些的种质 适应性性状将被生理学家和遗传学家用于 进一步研究 美国和菲律宾的合作者高度重视 受人尊敬的科学家们成功地合作， 过去 该项目与《科学》的目标有关， 发展中国家计划，旨在提高 美国科学家和工程师及其 发展中国家的对应方， 科学信息、思想、技能和技术， 在互惠互利的问题上进行合作。

This proposal requests funds to permit Drs. Susan U. Wallace and Ulysses S. Jones, Department of Agronomy and Soils, Clemson University, to pursue with Dr. Henry P. Samonte, Institute of Plant Breeding, University of the Philippines at Los Ba~os (UPLB), for a period of 24 months, a program of research on the tolerance of selected maize genotypes to nutritional problems related to soil acidity. The maize genotypes will be selected from the field screening program at UPLB where they will be evaluated for growth, yield, and nutritional status on three diverse acid soils of the Philippines. Nutritional factors related to plant adaptation will be identified, and the differential ability of the maize genotypes to modify root zone acidity will be determined. It has been estimated that nearly one half of the world's nonirrigated arable land area consists of acid soils. In strongly acid soils, plant growth may be limited by one or more of several mineral stresses, including deficiencies of phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium, and excesses of hydrogen ions, manganese, and aluminum. One approach to overcoming acid soil infertility is chemical treatment with such antacids as lime and supplementation of minerals. Another approach, more suitable in the less affluent countries, is to identify plant genotypes which adapt to soil acidity. In this project, the collaborators will identify such maize genotypes as well as plant traits associated with adaptation to one or more of these acid soils. Germ plasm containing these adaptive traits will be used by physiologists and geneticists for further study. The U.S. and Philippine collaborators are highly respected scientists who have successfully collaborated in the past. This project is relevant to the objectives of the Science in Developing Countries Program which seeks to increase the level of cooperation between U.S. scientists and engineers and their counterparts in developing countries through the exchange of scientific information, ideas, skills, and techniques and through collaboration on problems of mutual benefit.