Borehole Seismic Investigations of Fractures in Crustal Stress Regimes

地壳中排列整齐的垂直裂缝可以方便地 通过S波地震测量学精确地观测到。 垂直传播 S波的移动速度略有不同，具体取决于 S波的偏振相对于 骨折人群。 横波沿断裂面沿着极化 传播速度比垂直于排列方向极化的S波快 断裂面 横波速度差或横波分裂 类似于晶体中的双折射。

Aligned vertical fractures in the crust may be conveniently and accurately observed by S-wave seismometry. Vertically propagating S-waves move at slightly different speeds depending upon the polarization of the S-waves with respect to the alignment of the fracture population. S-waves polarized along the fracture faces propagate faster than do S-waves polarized normal to aligned fracture faces. The S-wave speed differential or S-wave splitting is analogous to birefringence in crystals.