The Interactions of Energetic Particles with the Solar Wind - A Theoretical Study

这笔拨款将用于高能粒子与太阳风相互作用的理论研究。这些研究将具有广泛的基础：他们将强调激波加速粒子和拾取离子，但将包括银河宇宙射线、太阳耀斑粒子和理论与观测之间的宇宙比较，以及相互作用的微过程，包括高能粒子的波激发和波与粒子之间的拟线性和非线性相互作用。具体的研究课题是，例如：(1)冲击波加速离子在注入能量上的分布。(2)研究了地球弓形激波下扩散离子能谱以指数形式存在的机制，并探讨了曲率和梯度漂移对能谱的影响。(3)太阳耀斑离子在日冕激波下的加速，包括激波演化和离子波激发。(4)星际氢气在太阳风中的波激发，包括向外和向内传播波之间的波耦合。(5)彗星上游拾取离子拟线性演化的基础研究。(6)外日球层银河系宇宙射线调制。总体目标是使用高能粒子作为地球和太阳电磁环境的探测器。

This grant will fund theoretical studies of the interaction of energetic particles with the solar wind. The studies will be broad-based: they will emphasize shock-accelerated particles and pickup ions but will include galactic cosmic rays, solar flare particles and the cosmic comparisons between theory and observations, and the microprocesses of the interaction including wave excitation by the energetic particles and the quasilinear and nonlinear interaction between the waves and particles. Specific topics of research are, for example: (1) Shock-accelerated ion distributions at energies just above injection. (2) The mechanism which limits diffuse ion energy spectra at Earth's bow shock to exponential in energy per charge, and a search for the effects of curvature and gradient drifts on the spectra. (3) The acceleration of solar flare ions at coronal shocks including shock evolution and ion wave excitation. (4) Wave excitation in the solar wind by interstellar pickup hydrogen including wave coupling between outward and inward propagating waves. (5) Fundamental studies in the quasilinear evolution of pickup ions upstream of comets. (6) Galactic cosmic ray modulation in the outer heliosphere. The overall aim is to use energetic particles as probes of the electromagnetic environment of the earth and the sun.