Presidential Young Investigators Award: New Solidification Techniques in Manufacturing of Materials

这项PYI资助的主要目标是创造新的凝固技术，以制造性能更好的材料。这是通过对凝固过程中存在的各种传输现象进行基础研究来实现的。具体地说，研究将在微观和宏观尺度上对固体和液体中通过对流和扩散进行的热和物质传输进行彻底的调查，并考虑成核、相变动力学和固体力学。由于它们的技术重要性，研究将集中在金属合金和金属复合材料的凝固方面。数值模拟工作将得到一项实验计划的支持，该计划涉及测量温度和物种浓度的新诊断技术。几乎所有人造材料，包括金属、聚合物、陶瓷、复合材料以及新型电子、光学和磁性材料的制造，都离不开固化过程。因此，需要进行大量的研究工作，以开发复杂的凝固技术，以生产具有精确控制的形状、化学和物理性能的材料。通过与行业研究人员的密切合作，该PYI奖可以对当前的制造技术产生强大的影响。

The primary objective of this PYI grant is to create new solidification techniques to manufacture materials with improved properties. This is to be accomplished through a fundamental study of the large variety of transport phenomena present in solidification processes. Specifically, research will proceed through a thorough investigation of the heat and species transport by convection and diffusion in both the solid and liquid phases, at the micro and macro scales, together with consideration of nucleation, phase-change kinetics, and solid mechanics. Because of their technological importance, the research will concentrate on solidification of metallic alloys and metal composites. The numerical modelling effort will be supported by an experimental program involving novel diagnostic techniques for measuring temperature and species concentration. Solidification processes are integral to the manufacture of virtually all man-made materials, including metals, polymers, ceramics, composites, as well as new electronics, optical, and magnetic materials. Consequently, considerable research effort needs to be directed toward the development of sophisticated solidification techniques to produce materials with precisely controlled shapes, chemistry, and physical properties. Through close collaboration with researchers in industry, this PYI award can have a strong impact on present manufacturing technologies.