The Thermal Output of a Sea-Floor Hydrothermal System

该项目将利用阿尔文号深潜救生船直接研究活跃热液喷口产生的湍流浮力羽流的动态。该项目的目的是提供一个健全的基础，将流出物羽流的水-comumn测量与下面的海洋地壳的热输出联系起来。PI建议在ALVIN上安装一个仪器包，该仪器包将通过原位流动注射分析来测量温度、电导率（盐度）、垂直和水平速度、光衰减（颗粒密度）以及锰、二氧化硅和硫化物的真实的浓度。该仪器还将收集离散的水样供实验室分析。数据和水样将在真实的时间里收集，并驾驶ALVIN穿过水柱中几个高度的浮力热液羽流。还将研究未稀释的热液源流体和周围的水柱。具体目标包括：（1）物理性质、速度、化学浓度和悬浮颗粒在浮力羽流中的垂直和横向变化的特征，（2）作为羽流高度的函数的夹带和稀释率的量化，（3）确定浮力羽流中的湍流变化和与性质变化的关系，以及（5）对照现场测量测试数值羽流模型。

This project will use the DSRV ALVIN to directly study the dynamics of turbulent buoyant plumes emanating from active hydrothermal vents. The aim of the project is to provide a sound basis for relating water-comumn measurements of the effluent plumes to the thermal output of the underlying oceanic crust. The PI's propose to mount an instrument package on ALVIN that will measure temperature, conductivity (salinity), vertical and horizontal velocity, light attenuation (particledensity), and concentrations of manganese, silica, and sulfide in real time via in situ flow injection analysis. The instrument will also collect discrete water samples for laboratory analyses. Data and water samples will be collected in real time shile driving ALVIN through buoyant hydrothermal plumes at several heights in the water column. Undiluted hydrothermal source fluids and the surrounding water column will also be studied. Specific objectives incluse: (1) characterization of vertical and lateral variation in physical properties, velocities, chemical concentrations, and suspended particles within the buoyant plume, (2) quantification of entrainment and dilution rates as function of plume height, (3) determine turbulent variability in the buoyant plume and relate to property variations, and (5) testing numerical plume models against field measurements.