Community Organization as an Evolutionary Game

自然选择下的群落组织已有几种研究框架。其中，进化稳定策略（ESS）的概念提供了一个强大的框架来评估物种内部和物种之间的密度依赖和频率依赖选择的后果。在这里，ESS概念将被应用于与自然选择对群落特性影响相关的三种进化情景的研究：1)捕食者-猎物共同进化，2)栖息地和饮食选择的进化，以及3)空间异质环境的进化。捕食者-猎物模型打破了传统的竞争对手共同进化和捕食者-猎物共同进化的二分法，允许营养水平内和营养水平之间的物种共同进化。栖息地选择作为一种进化博弈，考虑了栖息地和饮食分配在促进竞争对手进化和共存中的普遍作用。在这三种情况下，重点是确定促进或抑制物种多样性的群落的进化和生态特性。

Several frameworks have been applied to organization of communities under natural selection. Of these, the concept of Evolutionarily Stable Strategies (ESS) provides a powerful framework evaluating the consequences of density-dependent and frequency-dependent selection within and among species. Here, the ESS concept will be applied to the investigation of three evolutionary scenarios relevant to natural selection's influence on properties of communities: 1) predator-prey coevolution, 2) evolution of habitat and diet selection, and 3) evolution in spatially heterogeneous environments. The predator-prey model breaks the traditional dichotomy between the coevolution of competitors and the coevolution of predator-prey by permitting coevolution among species within and between trophic levels. Habitat selection as an evolutionary game considers the prevalent role of habitat and diet partitioning in promoting the evolution and coexistence of competitors. In all three scenarios, the emphasis is on determining evolutionary and ecological properties of communities that promote or inhibit species diversity.