Geologic Records Inferred Form Cosmic Ray Produced Neon at the Surface of the Earth

在过去的几年里， 放射性核素（10 Be、14 C、26 Al、36 Cl）以及稳定的3 He、Ne和 22 Ne在地球表面物质中被发现。 一些 这些核素已经被用作示踪剂， 地球物理和地质现象，并开辟了新的领域， 预计将提供关于变化率的基本数据 全球变化研究。 这些研究需要准确的 生产率的知识，现在和过去，这是不是 目前可用。 相关激励函数 不同的核素是未知的。 宇宙射线的模拟 通量是一项相当复杂的奋进。 我们提出了一种直接的方法， 目前生产率的一些确定，通过暴露 在高山上的相关目标。 平均生产率 在过去的太阳活动周期中， 中子监测仪数据。 我们建议确定 宇宙射线产生的相对产生比P21/P26 用石英中Ne的同位素测定法测定~（21）Ne和~（26）Al 样品 104-105年的平均生产率可以是 从已知年龄的样品测量中获得。 测量 ~ 3 He/~（21）Ne比值的变化表明，~ 3 He常常是不完全的 保留在石英岩中 因此，21 Ne生产率和 21 Ne/10 Be和21 Ne/Al比值提供了重要的信息， 需要评估侵蚀率并确定地质 过程（隆起、冰盖变化等）。

In the last few years, several cosmic-ray-produced radionuclides (10Be, 14C, 26Al, 36Cl), as well as stable, 3He, Ne and 22Ne have been discovered in terrestrial surface materials. Some of these nuclides are already employed as tracers in studies of geophysical and geological phenomena and open up a new field of study and are expected to provide essential data on rates of change in global change research. Such studies require an accurate knowledge of the production rates, present and past, which are not currently available. The relevant excitation functions for different nuclides are not known. A simulation of the cosmic ray flux is a rather complex endeavor. We propose a direct method for the determination of some of present production rates, by exposing relevant targets at mountain altitudes. Production rates averaged over the last solar cycles can be obtained by comparing production rates with neutron monitor data. We propose to determine the relevant production ratio P21/P26 of the cosmic-ray- produced nuclides 21Ne and 26Al by isotopic measurements of Ne in quartz samples. Average production rates over 104-105 years can be obtained from measurements of samples of known age. Measurements of the 3He/21Ne ratio show and that 3He is often incompletely retained in quartzites. Therefore, 21Ne production rates and 21Ne/10Be and 21Ne/Al ratios provide essential information, which is required to evaluate erosion rates and to define geological processes (uplift, variations in ice cover etc).