Polar Ozone Depletions and Biologically Relevant UltravioletRadiation

来自美国国家科学基金会资助的南极和阿拉斯加巴罗的紫外线和可见光监测点的数据将被用来确定生物有效紫外线辐射、臭氧丰度和云效应之间的关系。关于臭氧丰度和云性质的卫星数据将用于辐射传输模型，以计算这些地点的紫外线辐射收支。将与地面测量进行比较，以确定从空间评估极地地区生物圈紫外线辐射环境的可行性。然后，对地表反照率的气候学估计将用于评估整个南极和北极地区的紫外线和可见辐射收支如何随季节变化。UVB （280-320 nm）、UVA （320-400 nm）和光合有效辐射（PAR, 400-700 nm）的相对强度将作为纬度、季节和气候参数（浊度、云量等）的函数进行评估。最后，将使用一个耦合的大气/海洋辐射模式来估计在极地海洋中穿透到不同水平的紫外线和可见光辐射量作为海洋生产力的函数。

Data from the National Science Foundation-sponsored monitoring sites of ultraviolet and visible radiation in Antarctica and Barrow, Alaska will be used to determine the relationship between biologically effective ultraviolet radiation, ozone abundance and cloud effects. Satellite data on ozone abundance and cloud properties will be used in a radiative transfer model to compute the ultraviolet radiation budget at these sites. Comparison with the ground-based measurements will be made to determine the feasiblity of assessing the biospheric ultraviolet radiation environment in the polar regions from space. Climatological estimates of the surface albedo will then be used to assess how the ultraviolet and visible radiation budget varies with season throughout the Antarctic and Arctic regions. The relative magnitudes of UVB (280-320 nm), UVA (320-400 nm), and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, 400-700 nm) will be assessed as a function of latitude and season and climatological parameters (turbidity, cloud cover, etc.). Finally, a coupled atmosphere/ocean radiation model will be used to estimate the amount of ultraviolet and visible radiation penetrating to various levels in the polar ocean as a function of ocean productivity.