The Modeling of Hailstorm and Hailstone Growth

本文的研究对象是数值模拟， 使用两个和三个冰雹的开始和发展的手段， 三维云模式，包括各种微物理 结构和过程。 这项研究将集中在证明或反驳一系列 为Hailswath II现场计划开发的假设。 的 假设涉及冰和冰雹胚胎的起源 风暴，冰雹的生长，以及馈线的发展 风暴系统的主要上升气流。 几个观察良好的案例研究将被用来测试 各种假设。 合作对流的案例 降水实验（CCOPE），北达科他州雷暴 项目（NDTP）和阿尔伯塔冰雹研究已经出版， 为冰雹的发展提供了杰出的见解， 雹暴的动力学 其中一些案例已经被模拟 在我们的二维水和20类冰雹模型中。 进一步模拟使用这些模型和克拉克三- 三维云模型将被用来与 意见。 该模型的一个重要发展将是 冰雹增长方程的基本微观物理学的补充 3D云模型

The object of this research is the simulation, by numerical means, of the initiation and growth of hail using two and three dimensional cloud models incorporating various microphysical structures and processes. The study will focus on proving or disproving a series of hypotheses developed for the Hailswath II field program. The hypotheses involve the origin of ice and hailstone embryos in the storms, the growth of hailstones, and the development of feeder cells and the main updrafts of the storm system. Several well-observed case studies will be used to test various hypotheses. Cases from the Cooperative Convective Precipitation Experiment (CCOPE), the North Dakota Thunderstorm Project (NDTP), and the Alberta hail study have been published and provide outstanding insights into the development of hail and the dynamics of the hailstorm. Some of these cases have been simulated in our two-dimensional bulk water and 20-category hail models. Further simulations using these models and the Clark three- dimensional cloud model will be used to compare with the observations. An important development of the model will be the addition of hailstone growth equations to the basic microphysics of the 3D cloud model.