Air-Sea Gas-Transfer in Coastal Waters

9410537博克研究将根据沿海海洋过程（CoOP）沿海海气化学通量试点研究的一次性项目公告（NSF 93-101）进行。NSF/CoOP研究将与onr赞助的海洋边界层（MBL）高级研究计划（ARI）项目进行补充和合作，该项目计划于1995年在加利福尼亚州蒙特雷海岸进行。整个科学项目是跨学科的，NSF/CoOP致力于解决化学和生物参数，而ONR的研究侧重于物理海洋学和气象参数。这是罗德岛大学和斯克里普斯海洋学研究所的研究人员之间的合作项目。该研究将提高我们对海气界面不同环境条件下海气输送的认识。将开发一种新的原位仪器，在几分钟到几小时的时间尺度上测量气体传递速度(k)，这比传统的示踪技术（几天或更长时间）要短得多。该仪器将被集成到一艘名为LADAS的小型研究双体船上，该双体船被拖在一艘研究船后面。LADAS携带扫描激光坡度计，用于测量三维毛细管重力波频谱，气象仪器和长波监测能力。此外，双体船上还将安装一个表面微层采样器，以同步测量气体传递速度、小尺度粗糙度、风应力和表面化学参数。LADAS将部署在若干实地实验中，以确定实际海洋条件下的海气输送率，特别是将这些观测结果与沿海环境的不同空间和时间尺度联系起来。这种分析不仅可以通过避免长时间平均造成的偏差，提供更准确的气体传递速度参数化，而且还可以提供关于气体通量瞬态性质的见解。由于表面粗糙度是可以通过飞机和卫星远程测量的海面参数之一，因此表面粗糙度与气体通量的相关性将有利于未来全球海气交换遥感。

9410537 Bock Research will be undertaken in response to a one-time Program Announcement (NSF 93-101) for the Coastal Ocean Processes (CoOP) Coastal Air-Sea Chemical Fluxes pilot study. The NSF/CoOP Study will augment and collaborate with the ONR-sponsored Marine Boundary Layer (MBL) Advanced Research Initiative (ARI) project scheduled for 1995 off the coast of Monterey, California. The overall scientific project is interdisciplinary, with the NSF/CoOP efforts addressing chemical and biological parameters, while the ONR study focuses on physical oceanographic and meteorological parameters. This is a collaborative project between investigators from the University of Rhode Island and from Scripps Institution of Oceanography. The research will improve our understanding of air-sea gas transfer under different environmental conditions at the air-sea interface. A new in situ instrument will be developed to measure the gas transfer velocity (k) on time scales of minutes to hours that are much shorter than conventional tracer techniques (days or longer). The instrument will be integrated into a small research catamaran called LADAS which is towed behind a research vessel. LADAS carries a scanning laser slope gauge, to measure the three-dimensional capillary-gravity wave spectrum, meteorological instruments, and a long-wave monitoring capability. Additionally a surface microlayer sampler will be installed on the catamaran to enable coincident measurements of the gas transfer velocity, small scale roughness, wind stress, and surface chemical parameters. LADAS will be deployed in several field experiments to determine air-sea gas transfer rates under realistic ocean conditions and especially to relate these observations over different spatial and temporal scales in coastal environments. Such analyses will not only provide a more accurate parameterization of gas transfer velocity by avoiding biases caused by long time averaging, but will also provide insights as to the transient nature of gas flux. The correlation of surface roughness and gas flux will benefit future global remote sensing of air-sea gas exchange since surface roughness is one of sea surface parameters than can be remotely measured from aircraft and satellites.