LTER: Biome-level Constraints on Population, Community, and Ecosystem Responses to Climate Fluctuation, Sevilleta LTER II

DEB9411976 MILNE 塞维利亚长期生态研究计划（LTER）的目的是解决一套关于气候动力学和生物体在新墨西哥州中部的生物过渡带的反应的生态假设。 塞维列塔横跨西南部的几个主要生物群落，包括大盆地、大平原和奇瓦瓦沙漠，并位于中海拔莫戈隆针叶林植物群的中心。 研究区域的其他生态系统包括格兰德河河岸三角叶棉白杨森林、中海拔黄松林、中海拔黄松林以及高海拔针叶树/白杨混交林。 该区域受到厄尔尼诺南方涛动（ENSO）的强烈影响，降水量在半十年时间尺度上出现重大波动。 Sevilleta LTER的主要主题涉及对各级组织的生态反应的综合理解（例如，生物体、种群、群落、生态系统和景观）以及多个空间和时间尺度。 该研究旨在解决（1）该地区水在驱动主要生态系统过程中的作用，（2）碳的命运，因为它是由同化，分解和再分配过程控制的，（3）土地利用实践，调节碳处理的程度和分布，（4）生物多样性的组装，分布和维护，（5）气候条件变化的直接和间接后果。 水平衡数学模型将提供一个统一的综合的LTER核心议题和参与调查的各级组织研究。 水平衡方法将利用前六年的持续研究，并将为少量新研究提供概念和定量背景，这些研究将提供更丰富和更完整的塞维利亚特征。 此外，LTER科学家将在地理环境中实施世纪级系统模型，其中水平衡将由非平衡水模型驱动。 因此，这些模型将提供有关有机物加工、初级生产和无机投入等核心领域的现有和未来数据的综合。 该综合报告将立即用于干扰和人口核心专题，包括植被-环境关系、营养动态、物种分布和丰度、动物人口研究和人口遗传学。 这些实地和实验室研究将提供必要的生物组成部分，这些组成部分代表了对水的动态的反应和制约的偶然性和反馈。

DEB9411976 MILNE The Sevilleta Long-Term Ecological Research Program (LTER) is designed to address a suite of ecological hypotheses concerning climate dynamics and the responses of organisms in a biome transition zone in central New Mexico. The Sevilleta straddles several major biomes of the Southwest, including the Great Basin, Great Plains, and Chihuahuan Desert, and is at the epicenter of the mid-elevation Mogollon Conifer Woodland Flora. Additional ecosystems in the study region include Rio Grande riparian cottonwood forests, mid-elevation ponderosa pine forests, mid-elevation ponderosa pine forests, and higher-elevation mixed-conifer / aspen forests. The region is strongly influences by the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), with major fluctuations in precipitation on semi-decadal times scales. The major theme of the Sevilleta LTER relates to the synthetic understanding of ecological responses at various levels of organization (e.g., organismal, population, community, ecosystem, and landscape) and at multiple spatial and temporal scales. The research is organized to address (1) the role of water in the region in driving major ecosystem processes, (2) the fate of carbon as it is controlled by processes of assimilation, decomposition, and redistribution, (3) land use practices which regulate the extent and distribution of carbon processing, (4) the assembly, distribution and maintenance of biodiversity, and (5) the direct and indirect consequences of changing climatic conditions. Mathematical water balance models will provide a unifying synthesis of the LTER core topics and the various levels of organization studied by the participating investigators. The water balance approach will take advantage of continued studies from the first six years and will provide a conceptual and quantitative context for a modest number of new studies that provide a richer and more complete characterization of the Sevilleta. In addition, LTER scientists will implement a systems model of the CENTURY class in a geographical context, in which the water balance will be driven by the nonequilibrium water model. Thus, the models will provide a synthesis of existing and future data concerning the core areas of organic matter processing, primary production, and inorganic inputs. The synthesis will be of immediate use in relation to the disturbance and population core topics, including vegetation-environment relations, nutrient dynamics, species distributions and abundances, animal population studies, and population genetics. These field and laboratory studies will provide the necessary biological components that represent the contingencies and feedbacks that are both the responses to, and the constraints on, the dynamics of water.