Policymaking for Global Change Research: The Role of CEES

这个项目将准备一个美国全球变化研究计划（USGCRP）的历史案例。本研究将在政治建构主义的方法中结合并使用适当的社会科学概念。这种方法侧重于政治和政策进程，审查需要联网和战略的政府进程中关键行动者的作用。这一努力的一个主要问题是科学与政策之间以及科学家与政治家之间边界的谈判。认识到这种协商形式是社会建构主义的贡献。USGCRP是联邦政府中规模最大、范围最广的研究项目之一。从1987年开始，它已经发展到有15亿美元的预算，分布在至少9个机构。作为第一个正式的“总统倡议”，它后来成为第一个指定的多机构努力，旨在建立良好的科学并有效地为决策者服务。虽然被批评在政策相关性方面的弱点，但它也正在扩大，并被克林顿政府用作跨机构的其他主要国家研究计划的典范。了解形成USGCRP的力量，特别是管理该计划的机制——地球与环境科学跨部门委员会（CEES）——将为国家研究政策和其他努力提供一些经验教训。这个项目的成果将包括演讲、文章和一本书。＊＊＊

9412606 Lambright This project will prepare a case history of the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP). The study will combine and use appropriate social science concepts in a political constructionist approach. This approach focuses on political and policy processes, examining the roles of key actors in governmental processes that require networking and strategies. A major issue in this effort is the negotiation of boundaries between science and policy -- and scientists and politicians. Recognition of this form of negotiation is the contribution of social constructionism. The USGCRP is one of the largest and most extensive research efforts in the federal government. Begun in 1987, it has grown to have a $1.5 billion budget, spread through at least nine agencies. The first official "Presidential Initiative," it later became the first designated multi-agency endeavor intended both to build good science and usefully serve policymakers. While criticized for weakness in policy relevance, it nevertheless is also being expanded and used by the Clinton Administration as a model for other major national research initiatives that cut across agencies. Understanding the forces that have shaped USGCRP, particularly the mechanism that governed the program -- the interagency Committee on Earth and Environmental Sciences (CEES) -- will provide some lessons for national research policy for other endeavors. Results from this project will include presentations, articles and a book. ***