The Climate-Related Chemical Properties of Aerosols Over the North Atlantic

小行星9414846 该计划侧重于北大西洋上空气溶胶的化学，物理和辐射特性。 目前，直接（以及间接）气溶胶强迫的估计是高度不确定的，因为有许多关于气溶胶的未知因素： 它们的组成、大小分布和辐射特性，以及这些特性的时间和空间变异性。 这项工作包括：（1）连续取样，以扩大AEROCE前两个阶段开发的化学气候学，（2）开始连续测量气溶胶吸收和总的综合气溶胶散射，（3）在热带和亚热带北大西洋（NAO）的四个岛屿上密集测量粒度分离的气溶胶化学： 百慕大;巴巴多斯;加那利群岛特内里费岛;和加那利群岛兰萨罗特岛。 将对所有站点的每日散装气溶胶样品进行以下分析：（1）nss-SO 4 =，来自海洋中的人为来源和生物来源;（2）MSA，由海洋中的生物来源产生的DMS的大气氧化产物;（3）NO 3-，来自大陆和海洋来源;（5）Na+，海盐;（6）nss-K+m作为杉木生物质燃烧示踪剂。 还将连续测量（1）使用积分浊度计的总积分气溶胶散射，（2）两个尺寸范围（1- 10 um直径和1 um以下部分）的气溶胶成分，（3）使用冷凝颗粒计数器的总气溶胶数浓度，以及（4）使用气溶胶吸收光度计的总气溶胶吸收系数。 后面的数据将用在实验室中使用二极管阵列分光光度计进行的光谱反射测量来补充。 这些数据将根据与特定源区和类型相关的气溶胶的物理、化学和辐射特性进行解释。

9414846 Savoie This program focuses on the chemical, physical and radiative properties of aerosols over th North Atlantic Ocean. At present the estimates of direct (as well as indirect) aerosol forcing are highly uncertain because of many unknown factors about aerosols: their composition, size distribution and radiative properties, and the temporal and spatial variability of these properties. The work includes (1) continuous sampling to extend the chemical climatologies that were developed during the first two phases of AEROCE, (2) an initiation of continuous measurement of aerosol absorption and total integrated aerosol scattering, and (3) intensive measurements of size-segregated aerosol chemistry on four islands in the tropical and subtropical North Atlantic Ocean (NAO): Bermuda; barbados; Tenerife, Canary Islands; and Lanzorote, Canary Islands. Daily bulk aerosol samples from all of the sites will be analyzed for (1) nss-SO4 =, derived from anthropogenic sources and biological sources in the ocean; (2) MSA, an atmospheric oxidation product of DMS which is produced by biological sources in the ocean; (3) NO3-, derived from continental and oceanic sources; (5) Na+, for sea salt; and (6) nss-K+m as a tracer fir biomass burning. Continuous measurements will also be made of (1) total integrated aerosol scatter using integrating nephelometer, (2) aerosol composition in two size ranges (1-10um diameter and the fraction below 1 um), (3) total aerosol number concentration using condensation particle counters, and (4) total aerosol absorption coefficient using aerosol absorption photometers. th latter data will be supplemented with spectral reflectance measurement made in the laboratory using a diode array spectrophotometer. The data will be interpreted in terms of the physical, chemical, and radiative properties of aerosols associated with specific source regions and types.