Reaction Kinetics in the 1-10 GPa Pressure Regime; A Tool for Controlling the Generation of Fumes from Mining Explosives

Persson CTS-9417526这项拟议的研究是新墨西哥州采矿与技术研究所和Nelson Brothers Inc.之间的工业-大学合作研究项目。PIS建议在与固体炸药爆炸时遇到的压力相似的压力下，对硝酸铵(AN)和硝酸铵与燃料油(ANFO)的化学进行系统研究。目的是了解这些材料在爆炸过程中发生反应的基本机制，并寻找能够减少被认为含有氮氧化物、NO和NO2氧化物的红烟的添加剂，这些物质是在AN和ANFO用作炸药时产生的，特别是在高压下。三个不同的实验室实验将被用来研究这些含能材料的分解。这包括(1)通过与绝热压缩的加热惰性气体接触来点火和表面燃烧，(2)通过与飞片撞击来进行冲击压缩，以及(3)在密闭室中引爆1公斤装药。反应产物用FTIR和GCMS进行分析。这些实验室研究将在新墨西哥州进行。将在纳尔逊兄弟公司进行大规模实地测试，目的是获得更多关于红云成分的信息，并测试新的拟议成分和爆破方法。将使用彩色视频和产品气体采样，并将结果与传统炸药进行比较。

ABSTRACT PERSSON CTS-9417526 The proposed study is an Industry-University Cooperative Research Project between the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology and Nelson Brothers Inc. The PIs propose a systematic study of the chemistry of ammonium nitrate (AN) and ammonium nitrate mixed with fuel oil (ANFO) at pressures similar to those encountered during the detonation of solid explosives. The objective is to understand the fundamental mechanisms of reaction occurring in the detonation of these materials and to find additives which will reduce the red smoke thought to contain the oxides of nitrogen, NO, and NO2, that is generated when AN and ANFO are used as explosives especially at high pressures. Three different laboratory experiments will be used to study the decomposition of these energetic materials. These consist of (1) ignition and surface burning by contact with an adiabatically compressed heated inert gas, (2) shock compression by impact with a flyer plate, and (3) detonation of 1 kg charges in a closed chamber. Reaction products will be analyzed by FTIR and GCMS. These laboratory studies will be carried out at New Mexico. Large scale field test at Nelson Brothers Inc., aimed at obtaining more information on the composition of the red clouds, and the testing of the new proposed compositions and blasting methods, will be carried out. Color video and sampling of the product gases will be used and results compared to the conventional explosives.