Cloud Microphysics

福田/抽象卷云通常由多晶冰组成，特别是子弹花环，在地球的辐射平衡中扮演着重要的角色。利用楔形冰热室和连续流动、水平梯度冰热扩散室，研究了天然气溶胶颗粒和纯水在低至负38.5℃温度范围内过饱和温度与冰晶形成的多晶度之间的关系以及多晶冰的生长。卷云晶体经常形成于过冷云中，而过冷水的蒸汽压是相平衡和相变动力学的重要指标。然而，目前可用的数据是从较高温度的数据推断出来的。采用楔形纯水滴自由漂浮或支撑在尼龙线上沿等温面的楔形冰热扩散腔，考察其生长/蒸发行为，并与计算值进行比较，在温度降至约负38.5摄氏度时，可测得过冷水的蒸汽压，并与目前的表值进行比较。

Fukuta/Abstract Cirrus clouds often consist of polycrystalline ices, bullet- rosette in particular, and play an important role in the earth's radiative balance. Using a wedge-shaped ice thermal chamber and a continuous flow, horizontal gradient, ice-thermal diffusion chamber, the supersaturation temperature-polycrystalinity of formed ice crystals relationship and the growth of the polycrystalline ice will be studied with natural aerosol particles and pure water for the temperature down to about negative 38.5 degrees Celsius. Cirrus crystals frequently form out of supercooled clouds, and the vapor pressure of supercooled water is an important indicator for the phase equilbria and the phase change kinetics. Yet, the presently available data are extrapolated from those at higher temperature. Using the wedge-shaped ice thermal diffusion chamber with pure water droplets either free floating or supported on a nylon thread in the middle along the isothermal plane, and examining and comparing their growth/evaporation behaviour with the computed value, the vapor pressure of supercooled water will be determined for temperatures down to about negative 38.5 degrees Celsius and compared with the present table values.