US-Egypt Cooperative Research: Pollution Reduction and Material Conservation in Pretreatment of Cellulosic Textiles

小行星9713642 产品描述：该奖项是为了支持罗利的北卡罗来纳州州立大学纺织工程、化学和科学系的Hechmi Hamouda博士和埃及开罗国家研究中心（NRC）纺织研究部负责人Mohamed El-Rafie博士的合作项目。 这项联合研究的目的是研究纤维素纺织品前处理工艺的可行性，以减少前处理中使用的能源和化学品，并减少重复洗涤操作中使用的大量水，从而减少工业水污染。 将考虑两类纺织纤维，棉和棉混纺，以及亚麻。 第一种需要退浆、煮练和漂白三种预处理，而亚麻纤维需要煮练，然后是次氯酸盐、过氧化氢和亚硝酸钠三种漂白步骤。 这些步骤中的每一个都必须进行清洗，因此需要大量的水，化学品和能源，以及由此产生的污染负荷。 适用范围：该研究项目将涉及两名来自著名纺织研究机构的经验丰富的研究人员，他们具有互补的专业知识和设施。 他们将解决的问题的解决将对两国的一个主要工业产生重大利益，并将对用水和污水排放问题的国家产生特别的环境影响。 埃及和其他几个发展中国家广泛依赖纺织工业，但这些工业对人类用水污染最严重。 合作的科学家计划进行实验室测试，并将研究扩展到实际的生产规模。 该提案符合INT的目标，即在对双方都有利的领域支持美国与外国的合作。 该项目得到了美国-埃及联合基金方案的支持，该方案向两国的科学家和工程师提供赠款，以开展这些合作活动。 * * *

9713642 Hamouda Description: This award is for support of a cooperative project by Dr. Hechmi Hamouda, Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry, and Science at North Carolina State University in Raleigh, NC, and Dr. Mohamed El-Rafie, Head of the Textile Research Division at the National Research Center (NRC) in Cairo, Egypt. The objective of this joint research is to study the feasibility of combining pretreatment processes of cellulosic textiles with the goal of reducing the energy and chemicals used in pretreatment, and of reducing the large amounts of water used in the repeated washing operations, thus reducing the industrial water pollution. Two categories of textile fibers would be considered, cotton and cotton-blends, and flax. The first of these requires three pretreatments of desizing, scouring and bleaching, while flax fibers require scouring followed by three bleaching steps of hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide and sodium chlorite. Each of these steps must be followed by washing, thus the huge requirements for water, chemicals, and energy, as well as the resulting pollution load. Scope: This research project will involve two experienced researchers from well respected institutes for textile research with complementary expertise and facilities. Solution of the problem they will address would have significant benefits to a major industry in both countries, and would have special environmental impact on countries where water use and polluted water discharge are problems. Egypt and several other developing countries rely extensively on their textile industries, and yet these are some of the most polluting industries for the water available for human use. The collaborating scientists plan to conduct laboratory tests, and to scale the studies to actual manufacturing scale. This proposal meets the INT objective of supporting US-foreign collaboration in areas that have benefits for both sides. This project is being supported under the US-Egy pt Joint Fund Program, which provides grants to scientists and engineers in both countries to carry out these cooperative activities. * * *