Development of a Coherent X-Ray Diffraction Instrument

9724294罗宾逊 伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳尚潘分校（UIUC）的科学家将在先进光子源（APS）建造一条致力于相干X射线衍射（CXD）新领域的同步加速器光束线。 由于CXD的功能是从样品的整个视场收集衍射图案，因此它可以用来重建图像，与全息图的方式大致相同。 该技术的科学潜力是巨大的，不仅因为它对微观结构的特定排列敏感，而且因为可以使用光子相关光谱法观察时域中的结构波动。 该项目汇集了来自UIUC物理，材料科学与工程和化学系的八名教师。 该仪器将支持各种材料系统的研究，包括表面的热波动和刻面，电化学界面和含有缺陷结构的材料。 新型CXF技术的成功依赖于高亮度第三代硬X射线同步加速器光源的使用。 世界上只有三个这样的源：阿贡国家实验室的APS，格勒诺布尔的ESRF和大坂的Spring8。 这种同步加速器光束线为了解多种材料结构变化的动力学提供了许多新的见解，这是其他技术无法实现的。 该项目由主要研究仪器计划和多学科活动办公室共同支持。 ***

9724294 Robinson A synchrotron beamline dedicated to the new field of coherent x- ray diffraction (CXD) will be built at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) by scientists at the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign (UIUC). Because CXD functions by collecting the diffraction pattern from the entire field of view at the sample, it can be used to reconstruct an image somewhat in the same way that a hologram does. The scientific potential of the technique is enormous, not only because it is sensitive to the specific arrangement of the microstructure, but also because structural fluctuations in the time domain can be observed using photon correlation spectroscopy. The project brings together eight faculty members from the departments of Physics, Materials Science and Engineering, and Chemistry at UIUC. The instrumentation will support research in a variety of material systems, including thermal fluctuations and faceting of surfaces, electrochemical interfaces, and materials containing defect structures. %%% The novel CXF technique depends on the use of high brightness, third generation hard x-ray synchrotron sources to be successful. There are only three such sources in the world: the APS at Argonne National Laboratory, the ESRF in Grenoble, and Spring8 in Osaka. This synchrotron beamline affords the potential for many new insights into the dynamics of structural changes of a wide class of materials which are not possible by other techniques. This project is co-supported by the Major Research Instrumentation program and the Office of Multidisciplinary Activities. ***