LT: Pollution Control in Fuel Cell Applications Using Ceramic Candle Filter for Cleaner Power Generation

9727294胡克这项研究的总体目标是开发一种从煤气中去除颗粒物和有毒污染物的方法，用于燃料电池，以实现更清洁的发电。这项研究的第一个具体目标是开发一种预处理陶瓷过滤器的工作原型，并通过在环境温度和压力下不同流动条件下的严格测试，展示其在保护燃料电池下游部件方面的有效性。这项研究的第二个目标是开发一种方法，通过在ZMG蜡烛过滤器压差和过滤器蜡烛堵塞或堵塞的情况下引入大小受控的脱硫剂颗粒来减少煤气中的硫和其他污染物。煤炭是美国分布最广、最容易获得的资源。目前约50%的电力生产是通过直接燃烧煤炭或煤气来实现的。煤的燃烧和气化产生一次污染物和二次污染物。利用我国和世界上这一巨大的、排放相对清洁的煤炭资源的替代方式之一是在燃料电池中使用煤气发电。燃料电池为化石燃料向电力的高效转化提供了一种新的、令人兴奋的选择，大大减少了污染物的排放。燃料电池技术的商业开发在美国已经进行了超过25年。燃料电池的种类繁多，其中熔融碳酸盐燃料电池(MCFC)似乎是最佳的燃料电池设计方法。气化煤预计将是MCFCS的主要燃料气来源，但由于煤炭在广泛的浓度范围内含有许多污染物，来自该来源的燃料也含有相当数量的污染物。这些污染物的一个关键问题是MCFCs可以容忍的浓度水平，而不会显著降低性能或减少电池寿命。陶瓷蜡烛过滤技术是加压流化床燃烧(PFBC)、整体煤气化联合循环(IGCC)等煤炭利用工艺中一种很有吸引力的高温颗粒物去除技术。由于其简单、经济实惠的设计、高温能力和去除颗粒的有效性。陶瓷蜡烛很容易达到新的污染源性能标准和《清洁空气法》对颗粒排放的要求，以及燃气轮机制造商的颗粒要求。尽管陶瓷蜡烛技术在PFBC和IGCC应用中的应用非常广泛，但在整合蜡烛过滤技术以满足燃料电池应用中截然不同和更严格的气流净化需求方面进展甚微。这个为期两年的项目将专注于设计、测试和开发独特的预处理蜡烛过滤器，该过滤器与一项使用可控颗粒大小的专利技术、一次性吸尘剂结合使用时，将通过在过滤器表面保持多孔粉饼，降低燃料电池电池组结垢的风险，同时提高过滤器蜡烛的预期寿命和性能。普莱里维尤农工大学将建造一个简单的蜡烛过滤器。将在不同的流动条件下对几种不同的预调节过滤蜡烛进行测试。对于给定的一组条件，建议使用最佳的预处理涂层。还将探索吸附剂颗粒大小的长期影响。***

9727294 Huque The overall objective of this research effort is to develop a method of removing particulates and toxic pollutants from coal gas to be used in fuel cell for cleaner power generation. First specific objective of this research effort is to develop a working prototype of a preconditioned ceramic filter and, through rigorous testing under varying flow conditions at ambient temperature and pressure, show its effectiveness in protecting downstream components of a fuel cell. A second objective of this research effort is to develop a method of reducing sulfur and other contaminants from the coal gas by introducing controlled size sorbent particles while zmg candle filter pressure differential and the risk of filter candle blinding or plugging. Coal is the most widely distributed and readily available resource in USA. Currently about 50% of electricity production is by directly burning coal or coal gas. Combustion and gasification of coal produces both primary and secondary pollutants. One of the alternative way to utilize this vast coal resource of the nation and world with relatively cleaner emission is the use of coal gas in fuel cell for power generation. Fuel cell provide a new and exciting option for the efficient conversion of fossil fuels to electricity with much reduced emmission of pollutants. Commercial development of fuel-cell technology has been underway in the United States for over 25 years. A variety of fuel cells have been developed of which molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) appears to be the optimum fuel cell design approach. Gasified coal is expected to be the major source of fuel gas for MCFCS, but because coal contains many contaminants in a wide range of concentrations, fuels derived from this source also contains a considerable amount of contaminants. A critical concern with these contaminants is the concentration level that can be tolerated by MCFCs without suffering significant degradation in performance or reductio n in cell life. Ceramic candle filtration is an attractive technology for the removal of particulate at high temperature in Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion (PFBC), Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) and other coal utilization processes. Due to their simple, cost effective design, high temperature capability, and effectiveness in particulate removal. ceramic candles easily achieve New Source Performance Standards and Clean Air Act mandates for particulate emissions, as well as gas turbine manufacturer particulate requirements. Although the application of ceramic candle technology to PFBC and IGCC applications has been vast, little progress has been made to integrate candle filter technology to address the very different and more stringent gas stream clean-up needs of fuel cell applications. This two year project will focus on the design, testing, and development of unique preconditioned candle filter which when combined with a patented technique for the use of a controlled particle size, once-through sorbent, will reduce the risk of fuel cell stack fouling and simultaneously increase filter candle life expectancy and performance by maintaining a porous dust cake on the filtering surfaces. A simple candle filtering will be constructed at Prairie View A&M University. Testing of several different preconditioned filter candles will be conducted under various flow conditions. Optimum preconditioning coating will be recommended for a given set of conditions. Long term effect of sorbent particle size will also be explored. ***