Hawaiian Plume Structure and Magmatic Processes Revealed by Submarine Landslides on Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawaii

P.I. garcia提案编号：9729894机构：夏威夷大学标题：夏威夷莫纳罗亚火山海底滑坡揭示的夏威夷羽流结构和岩浆过程地幔羽流的解剖，以及它们内部的融化过程，尽管进行了许多尝试，但仍然是神秘和有争议的问题。理解羽流的主要障碍是我们过去用二维方法来研究它们。在莫纳罗亚火山侧翼发现巨大的山体滑坡，为在三维空间中对羽流过程的产物进行取样提供了机会。这项研究将把我们对世界上最大的火山莫纳罗亚火山的岩浆历史的了解延长20万年，应该为热点火山的发展提供基本的见解，并澄清长期以来关于夏威夷羽流结构和动力学的争议。我们还将研究以下假设：夏威夷火山起源于1亿年来爆发的一些最热的岩浆，海洋岛屿火山主要由碎片熔岩组成，而不是枕状熔岩（这对所有海洋岛屿的地质灾害都有影响）。

P.I. GarciaProposal Number: 9729894 Institution: University of HawaiiTitle: Haaiian plume structure and magmatic processes revealed by submarine landslides on Mauna Loa Volcano, HawaiiThe anatomy of mantle plumes, and melting processes within them, remain enigmatic and controversial issues despite numerous attempts to investigate them. The main obstacle to understanding plumes has been our past two-dimensional approach in exmining them. The discovery of giant landslides on the flanks of Mauna Loa provides an opportunity to sample the products of plume processes in the third dimension. This study will extend our knowledge the magmatic history Mauna Loa's, the world's largest volcano, by -200,000 years, should provide fundamental insights into the development of hotspot-generated volcanoes and clarify longstanding controversies concerning the structure and dynamics of the Hawaiian plume. We will also examine the following hypotheses: Hawaiian volcanoes were derived from some of the hottest magmas erupted in the 100 million years and oceanic island volcanoes are dominantly comprised of fragmental lava rather than pillow lava (which has implications for the geologic hazards on all oceanic islands).