LT: GMIP - Green Machining Incremental Planner, A Distributed Environmental Advisor for Mechanical Components and Machining Systems

9814319盛本研究的目的是开发一个互动的环境为基础的设计顾问机加工零件。 虽然在制定生命周期评估标准方面正在开展大量工作，但仍然非常需要以互动方式将环境评估领域与产品开发期间所做的详细设计决策联系起来。生命周期评估方法中数据收集的性质限制了它们在产品设计期间作为实时顾问的作用。 特别是，需要一个实时的设计顾问来执行产品开发的“假设”场景，以及作为设计工程师易于访问的培训工具。 环境和生产因素之间的权衡是一个主要关注的领域是金属加工，其中有关排放和职业健康和安全因素的法规影响切削液，工具和工艺的选择。 然而，产品设计已经在很大程度上脱离了生产的设施级决策，即使组件的设计是工艺选择的主要驱动力。 这项研究将开发一个规划工具，机械车间的运作，结合了三个方面的环保意识的制造和设计：（1）用于评估部件设计的能量和多维潜在危险的设计顾问，（2）切削液规划模块，其基于部件对不同类别的切削液中的动态性能退化和多维劣化进行建模，以及（3）设施级计划器，用于模拟通过设施的多种产品类型的流动，以评估维护策略。 将开发一个概念验证的环境设计工具，将机械加工过程的能量和质量平衡模型与基于特征的计算机辅助设计环境中的健康危害评估方法联系起来。 几个加工的汽车零部件的案例研究将进行分析和比较与车间数据。 该补助金是根据1998年NSF/朗讯科技工业生态学研究奖学金计划联合颁发的。

9814319 Sheng The objective of this research is to develop an interactive environmental-based design advisor for machined parts. While there is much work underway on developing standards for life-cycle assessment, there is still a significant need to bridge the domains of environmental assessment and the detailed design decisions made during product development in an interactive way. The nature of data collection in life-cycle assessment methods limits their role as a real-time advisor during product design. In particular, a real-time design advisor is needed to perform "what if" scenarios for product development, as well as to serve as an easily accessible training tool for design engineers. One area in which the trade-off between environmental and production factors are of major concern is metalworking, where regulations concerning emissions and occupational health and safety factors affect the selection of cutting fluids, tooling and processes. However, product design has been largely decoupled from the facility-level decisions of production, even though design of components is a main driver for process selection. This research will develop a planning tool for machine shop operation that combines three aspects of environmentally-conscious manufacturing and design: (1) a design advisor for evaluating the energy and multi-dimensional hazard potential of a component design, (2) a cutting fluid planning module that models dynamic performance degradation and multi-dimensional deterioration in different classes of cutting fluids based on components, and (3) a facility-level planner to simulate the flow of multiple product types through a facility to evaluate maintenance strategies. A proof-of-concept design-for-environment tool will be developed that links energy and mass balance models for machining processes with a health hazard assessment method within a feature-based computer-aided design environment. Case studies for several machined automotive components will be analyzed and compared with shop data. This grant is made pursuant to the joint NSF/Lucent Technologies Industrial Ecology Research Fellowships Program 1998.***