Mineral Transformations in Low-Grade Rocks

9814391和9814391结论根据X射线衍射仪和透射电子显微镜数据得出的粘土矿物转变的性质和粘土的特征经常被认为是不相容的，特别是与蒙皂石/伊利石和基本粒子的概念有关。由于结论是基于对亚稳态系统的观察，其状态受影响动力学的因素控制，因此结论不同部分是由于岩石类型和形成环境的不同。TEM数据主要基于对页岩的观察，而其他数据主要来自膨润土和热液系统。我们建议利用X射线衍射仪和透射电子显微镜相结合的技术来研究低品位粘土矿物体系，以解决在方法和地质成因方面的解释分歧。要研究的系统包括来自Broadland-Ohaaki地热田的膨润土、北海地压粉砂岩、广泛品位、富含干酪根的黑色页岩上的同时代变基岩和变基岩对，以及萨尔顿海热液变质沉积。

9814391PeacorConclusions regarding the nature of clay mineral transformations and the characteristics of those clays which have derived from XRD and TEM data are frequently conceived as being incompatible, especially as relates to smectite/illite and the concept of fundamental particles. Because conclusions are based on observations of metastable systems whose states are controlled by factors affecting kinetics, conclusions differ in part because of differences in rock types and environment of formation. TEM data are largely based on observations of shales, whereas other data are largely derived from bentonite and hydrothermal systems. We propose to study low-grade clay mineral systems using integrated XRD and TEM techniques to resolve differences in interpretation both in terms of methods and geological origin. Systems to be studied include bentonites from the Broadlands-Ohaaki geothermal field, North Sea geopressured siltstones, coeval metabasite and metabasite pairs over a broad range of grade, kerogen-rich black shales, and Salton Sea hydrothermal-metamorphosed sediments.