SBIR Phase I: Enhanced 3-D Seismic Imaging of Subsalt Gas and Oil Reservoirs Using Primary and Coverted Waves

9860053这一小型企业创新研究第一阶段项目将探索通过将转换波能量纳入地震偏移过程来改进盐下油气藏的成像。在复杂的盐下地质结构中，很难获得高质量的地球图像--这是当代油藏开发和勘探所必需的。在这些地区，常规地震技术使用纵波数据而不考虑转换波，可能会错误地定位地质特征，或者根本不成像。三维地震成像依赖于用射线追踪或有限差分走时计算产生的渐近格林函数成功地将波传播现象参数化。为了确定转换波成像的可行性，盐下储集层环境的岩石物理分析将与地震波传播的真实弹性合成模型相结合。合成数据将与弹性射线追踪的结果进行比较，以确定弹性光线追踪如何有效地将重要的转换波传播效应参数化。第二阶段将涉及开发与标准成像算法无缝集成的转换波成像算法，以便更昂贵的转换波成像计算只需要在小目标区域进行。墨西哥湾盐下石油和天然气储量的开采成本很高，因此需要复杂和详细的3-D地震成像。这项地震成像技术有望应用于此类地质环境下的勘探和油藏开发。

9860053 This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project will explore improved imaging of subsalt oil and gas reservoirs by incorporating converted wave energy into the seismic migration process. It is difficult to obtain high-quality earth images - necessary in contemporary reservoir development and exploration - in complex subsalt geologic structures. In such regions, conventional seismic technology, using compressional wave data without accounting for converted waves, may incorrectly position geological features, or otherwise not image them at all. 3-D seismic imaging is dependent on successful parameterization of the wave propagation phenomena with asymptotic Green's functions generated by ray tracing or finite-difference traveltime calculation. To determine the feasibility of imaging with converted waves, a petrophysical analysis of subsalt reservoir environments will be coupled with realistic elastic synthetic modeling of seismic wave propagation. The synthetic data will be compared to the results of elastic ray tracing to determine how the elastic ray tracing can effectively parameterize the important converted wave propagation effects. Phase II would involve development of a converted wave imaging algorithm seamlessly integrated with a standard imaging algorithm, so that the more expensive converted wave imaging calculations need only be carried out in small target areas. Subsalt oil and gas reserves in the Gulf of Mexico are costly to produce and therefore require sophisticated and detailed 3-D seismic imaging. This seismic imaging technology is expected to be applied to exploration and reservoir development in geological environments of this kind.