Smart Pixels with Smart Illumination

9871424 BabbittSmart Pixels with Smart Illumination智能像素与智能照明（SPSI）是一种新的图像传感器和处理方法。 SPSI概念最近由蒙大拿州立大学的Babelman教授和华盛顿大学的Darling教授提出，涉及通过来自检测到的图像的反馈来动态控制对象的空间和时间照明。 SPSI传感器的光学设计使来自智能发射器阵列的光能够从远程物体散射，以光学方式耦合回智能光电检测器阵列，即使发射器和检测器在空间上和电子上集成。 集成的照明器和探测器能够动态和有效地照明，并逐个像素地感知远程物体，从而增强图像处理能力和一些全新的传感器设计。 在传感器阵列技术中的一些潜在的SPSI应用包括边缘检测、动态聚光灯跟踪系统;监视划线的聚焦、平移和旋转的跟踪传感器;突出“获胜”像素的赢者全取神经网络;荧光对象的精确跟踪;强度压缩算法;面向页面的存储器和处理系统中的跟踪、差分感测和纠错;同时提交提案这份提案是由蒙大拿州立大学的Babrant教授和华盛顿大学的Darling教授合作撰写的，他们同时提交了具有相同技术部分的提案，但各自机构的预算和支持数据不同。 这两项建议是相互关联的，应一并审查，因为每个机构的工作都依赖于另一个机构的专门知识贡献，以实现拟议的目标。 对于研究计划中的每一项任务，确定了主要负责完成任务的机构。计划目标拟议计划的总体目标是开发SPSI概念及其潜在应用，从其萌芽阶段到明确定义和实用的传感器系统。 该计划的研究目标是：1）正式提出SPSI应用的设计，2）对其性能进行建模，3）设计和制造SPSI所需的电子和光学元件，4）展示具有最有前途属性的实现，和5）研究计划拟议的计划将大大受益于SPSI概念的接受，参与VCSEL代工服务，免费提供集成VCSEL/MSM阵列、定制CMOS处理芯片、定制衍射光学元件和定制小透镜阵列。 最初的研究工作将集中在这些元素的设计和利用，建立在我们的初步结果与集成LED和MSM探测器，这表明了核心SPSI光学和电子反馈机制。 新的电子和光学设备将根据需要设计，制造和整合。 其他集成技术的进步，包括Darling教授正在开发的蓝宝石硅技术，将被研究和利用来优化SPSI传感器的性能。 该研究计划将需要广泛的设计，制造和电子和光学设备的测试，因此通过在光学设计和加工方面具有专业知识的Babalan教授和在电子和光电设计和制造方面具有专业知识的Darling教授之间的合作得到加强。

9871424BabbittSmart Pixels with Smart Illumination Smart pixels with smart illumination (SPSI) is a new approach to image sensor and processing. The SPSI concept, recently proposed by Prof. Babbitt of Montana State University and Prof. Darling of the University of Washington, involves the dynamic control of the spatial and temporal illumination of an object via feedback from the detected image. The optical design of a SPSI sensor enables the light from an array of smart emitters that scatters off a remote object to be optically coupled back to an array of smart photodetectors, even if the emitters and detectors are spatially and electronically integrated. Integrated enlitters and detectors enable dynamic and efficient illumination and sensing off remote objects on a pixel by pixel basis, leading to enhanced image processing capabilities and some radically new sensor designs. Some of the potential SPSI applications in sensor array technology include edge detection-, dynamic spotlight tracking system; a tracking sensor that monitors focus, translation, and rotation of a scribe line; winner-take-all neural networks that highlights the "winning" pixel; precise tracking of fluorescent objects; intensity compression algorithms; tracking, differential sensing, and error correction in page oriented memory and processing systems; pixel by pixel background subtraction; and ranging.Simultaneous Submissions of Proposals This proposal was written collaboratively by Prof. Babbitt of Montana State University and Prof. Darling of the University of Washington, who are simultaneously submitting proposals with the same technical sections, but with separate budgets and supporting data for their respective institution. The two proposals are coupled and should be reviewed jointly, as the work of each institution relies on the expertise contribution of the other institution to achieve the proposed objectives. For each task in the research plan, the institution that has primary responsibility for its completion is identified.Program Objectives The overall objective of the proposed program is the development of the SPSI concept and its potential applications from their embryonic stage to well defined and practical sensor systems. The research objectives of the proposed program are to 1) formalize the design of proposed SPSI applications, 2) model their performance, 3) design and fabricate the electronic and optical elements needed for SPSI, 4) demonstrate those implementations with the most promising attributes, and 5) map out a plan for future development of the SPSI concept.Research Plan The proposed program benefits greatly from the acceptance of the SPSI concept for participation in the VCSEL Foundry Service, which supplies at no cost an integrated VCSEL/MSM array, a custom CMOS processing chip, a custom diffractive optical element, and a custom lenslet array. The initial research effort will focus on the design and utilization of these elements, building on our initial results with integrated LEDs and MSM detectors, which demonstrated the core SPSI optical and electronic feedback mechanisms. New electronic and optical devices will be designed, fabricated, and incorporated as needed. Advances in other integration technologies, including the silicon on sapphire technology being developed by Prof. Darling, will be examined and utilized to optimize SPSI sensor performance. The research program will require extensive design, fabrication, and testing of both electronic and optical devices and is thus strengthened by the collaboration between Prof. Babbitt, with his expertise in optical design and processing, and Prof. Darling, with his expertise in electronic and optoelectronic design and fabrication.***