An Integrated Approach to Monitoring and Interpreting Ground Deformation at the Currently Active Hengill Volcanic System in Southwest Iceland, Using GIS to Analyze GPS, Seismic

9901486Clifton这项研究的目标是利用定标粘土模拟模型的测量结果和现场数据相结合，量化斜裂缝带中裂缝系统的演化，以确定裂缝的长度-频率分布、空间分布、几何形状、连通性和连通性。在过去10年中进行的大量研究使人们对断层如何生长以及断层群体如何在伸展构造背景下演化有了新的、更好的理解。在与扩张高度倾斜的裂缝中，而在倾角较小的裂缝中，扩张的垂直断层对应变调节的贡献更大。比例物理模型是时间序列分析的理想模型，可以揭示断层系统的时间和空间演化。模拟模型已经绘制了裂谷、次平行和扩展垂直裂缝的演化图。研究斜向裂谷作用的野外区域是冰岛雷克扬尼斯半岛上的雷克扬斯裂隙群。这是中大西洋海脊的第一个陆上部分，由四个梯形裂隙群组成。这些模型代表了分布在连续变形的狭窄不连续面上的脆性变形，类似于半岛上的变形，包括正常断层、张开模式裂缝和狭隘分布在火山系统上的岩脉诱发地块。使用现场数据和从航空照片获得的数据的组合，研究人员将通过分析不同年龄的熔岩流中的裂缝，推导出类似于粘土模型中看到的时间演变。

9901486CliftonThe goal of the research is to quantify the evolution of fracture systems in oblique rift zones using a combination of measurements from scaled clay analog models and field data to determine length-frequency distribution, spatial distribution, geometry, linkage and, connectivity of fractures. Numerous studies conducted during the past 10 years have led to a new and better understanding of how faults grow and how fault populations evolve in extensional tectonic settings. In rifts that are highly oblique to the spreading, whereas in rifts of less obliquity spreading perpendicular faults make a greater contribution to strain accommodation. Scaled physical models are ideal for time-series analysis that can reveal the temporal and spatial evolution of fault systems. Analog models have charted the evolution of rift sub-parallel and spreading perpendicular fractures. The field area selected for study of oblique rifting is the Reykjanes fissure swarm on the Reykjanes Peninsula in Iceland. This first on-shore segment of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge consists of four en echelon fissure swarms. The models represent distributed brittle deformation above a narrow discontinuity that deforms continuously, analogous to the deformation on the peninsula which comprises normal faults, opening mode fissures, and dike-induced grabens narrowly distributed over a volcanic system. Using a combination of field data and data obtained from air photos, the investigator will deduce a temporal evolution similar to what is seen in clay models by analyzing fractures in lava flows of different ages.