US-Egypt Cooperative Research: Study of Factors Affecting Chemical Composition of Groundwater in the Nile Delta

9904791 SharpDescription：该奖项是为了表彰John M.Sharp博士、德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校地质科学系Philip Bennett博士、埃及坦塔大学地质系Abdel Hamid Noweir博士和Ahmed El-Shishtawy博士共同开展的一项研究项目。这些科学家将进行地质和地球化学研究，以评估尼罗河三角洲中部地区表层沉积物对地下水质量的影响。他们计划评估地下水中微量元素的水平和分布。将特别注意影响人类生活用水质量的微量元素。要研究的元素包括Eh和Fe2+。假设水质特征与特定的矿物、有机质和地层单元或带中的地球化学环境有关，通过井和地球物理绘制水文地层单元图可以圈定这些带，并可以开发一个程序来提供饮用水。在该项目的第一部分，埃及小组将对从特定地质构造地区采集的地下水样本进行采样和分析。在项目的第二部分，对样品的详细分析将表征地表沉积物的水文地质特性。分析将包括粒度分布、渗透率、渗透率、细粒岩屑的阿滕堡极限、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射和其他岩石学分析。范围：该奖项将允许美国科学家与埃及科学家在一个处理一个重要问题的项目上进行合作。无论是在许多发展中国家，还是在发达国家，水的使用越来越依赖于饮用水地下水的供应。这又取决于地质条件，即该地区的矿物学和水的运动。这项研究对生活在尼罗河三角洲的人们的重要性是显而易见的。这个话题很重要，因为它涉及到一起看岩石和水化学。夏普被认为是一位领先的水文地质学家，而班尼特是一位著名的地球化学家。产生的知识库对埃及人民非常重要，因为不断增长的人口给供水带来越来越大的压力，海平面上升导致咸水侵入淡水区。预计将会有适合在国际科学期刊上发表的文章。这项建议符合INT的目标，即支持美国和外国在互利领域的科学合作。

9904791SharpDescription: This award is for support of a joint research project by Dr. John M. Sharp, and Dr. Philip Bennett, Department of Geological Sciences, the University of Texas, Austin, Texas and Dr. Abdel Hamid Noweir and Dr. Ahmed El-Shishtawy, Geology Department, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt. These scientists will conduct geological and geochemical studies to assess the influence of superficial deposits on groundwater quality in the central area of the Nile Delta. They plan to evaluate the levels and distribution of trace elements in the groundwater. Specific attention will be paid to trace elements which affect the quality of water for human consumption. Among the elements to be studied are Eh and Fe2+ The hypothesis is that water quality characteristics are related to specific minerals, organic matter, and the geochemical environment in strategraphic units or zones, that mapping of hydrostrategraphic units by wells and geophysics can delineate these zones, and that a program can be developed to provide potable water. In the first part of the project the Egyptian team will conduct sampling and analysis of collected samples of groundwater from areas of specific geological formations. In the second part of the project detailed analysis of the samples will characterize the hydrogeological properties of the surficial deposits. The analysis will include grain size distribution, permeability, transmissivity, Attenberg Limits of fine-grained cuttings, SEM, X-ray diffraction and other petrographic analyses. Scope: This award will allow US scientists to collaborate with Egyptian scientists in a project that deals with an important problem. Water use in many developing, and also in developed, countries is increasingly dependent on the availability of potable groundwater. This in turn is dependent on the geological conditions, namely mineralogy of the region as well as the water movement. The importance of the study to the people living within the Nile Delta is clear. The topic is important as it involves looking at rocks and at water chemistry together. Sharp is considered a leading hydrogeologist, and Bennett is a well-known geochemist. The knowledge-base generated will be very important to the people of Egypt, as growing populations put increasing pressure on water supplies, and rising sea levels cause salt-water intrusion into the freshwater zone. It is expected that articles suitable for publication in international science journals will be forthcoming. This proposal meets the INT objective of supporting US-foreign scientific collaboration in areas of mutual benefit.