Induction Motor Diagnostics and Advanced Control: Theory and Experiments

感应电机由于其可靠性、坚固性和相对较低的成本，在工业中得到了相当大的应用。由于没有机械换向，也不会产生火花，感应电机在不稳定的环境中得到了广泛的应用。尽管有这些优点，感应电机在电机故障的检测、诊断和隔离以及电机的控制方面都面临着挑战性的问题。根据以往对感应电机可靠性及其相关故障模式的研究，最有可能的三种故障是：转子轴轴承的机械故障，定子绕组的短路和转子棒故障。目前迫切需要开发能够实时监测感应电机健康状况的检测和诊断算法，而具有饱和磁路的感应电机建模问题一直是一个重要的课题。众所周知，线性磁路机模型不能捕捉到真实机器的所有动态，特别是交叉饱和效应。虽然饱和建模已被用来预测电机的暂态行为，但以往的控制工作大多没有考虑饱和对电机性能的影响。在控制器综合中，通常假设磁路的线性是合理的，这通常是通过将磁通量值包含在要调节的输出中来证明的。在机器瞬变期间，磁通大小可能会超过这些饱和限值，机器的性能可能会受到严重影响。此外，在许多可变扭矩应用中，需要在磁饱和区域运行，以使机器产生更高的扭矩。本提案概述了一个研究计划，重点是开发和评估(仿真和实验)算法，用于检测和诊断最常见的电机故障类型，以及在各种电机运行条件(例如，磁饱和和执行器饱和)和应用程序中设计先进的控制算法。

Induction motors have found considerable applications in industry due to their reliability, ruggedness and relatively low cost. Because there is no mechanical commutation and no sparks are produced, induction motors have found broad applications in volatile environments. In spite of these advantages, the induction motor presents challenging problems in the detection, diagnosis and isolation of motor faults and the control of the electrical machine.According to previous studies which have examined the reliability of induction motors and their associated failure modes, the three most probable failures are: mechanical failures in the rotor shaft bearings, short circuits in the stator windings, and rotor bar failures. There is currently a significant need for the development of detection and diagnosis algorithms that can monitor, in real-time, the health of an induction motor.The problem of modeling induction motors with a saturating magnetic circuit has always been an important subject. It is well recognized that a linear magnetic circuit machine model does not capture all the dynamics of a real machine, especially the cross-saturation effects. Although saturation modeling has been used for predicting the transient behavior of the motor, most of the previous work on control does not consider the effects of saturation on motor performance. In controller synthesis, the common assumption of the linearity of the magnetic circuit is often justified by including the flux magnitude in the outputs to be regulated. During machine transients the flux magnitude can exceed these saturation limits and the performance of the machine can be seriously compromised. Also in many variable torque applications, it is desirable to operate in the magnetic saturation region to allow the machine to develop higher torque.This proposal outlines a research program focusing on the development and evaluation (simulation and experimental) of algorithms for the detection and diagnosis of the most common types of motor faults and for the design of advanced control algorithms under a wide variety of motor operating conditions (e.g. magnetic and actuator saturation) and applications.