Collaborative Research Network - A Network for Global Change Research in the Americas

美洲全球变化研究所(IAI)是根据1992年5月13日在蒙得维的亚达成的建立美洲全球变化研究所的协议成立的。IAI的成立是为了协调和促进与美洲全球变化相关的科学研究。该研究所有一个不断发展的科学议程，确定了特定的研究领域。美国在IAI的创建过程中发挥了主导作用，并自IAI成立以来一直是其积极参与者。IAI提议根据美洲科学界在过去五年举行的一系列会议上确定并得到成员国同意的科学议程来实施一项研究计划。科学议程是对美国全球变化研究计划研究重点的补充。IAI将监督总共98个独立研究机构的14个研究小组，这些研究机构将就科学议程项目开展合作研究。这14个小组由下列机构领导，并将开展下列项目：1.科学调查中心(墨西哥)：东太平洋沿海和海洋区域全球变化研究联盟2。Escuela Politecnica del Littal(厄瓜多尔)：贸易汇聚气候复合区缓解影响的气候变异性多目标研究3.佛罗里达国际大学(美国)：安第斯亚马逊河分析和管理项目4。Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz(巴西)：热带美洲气候变化和人类健康影响的诊断和预测5。斯克里普斯海洋学研究所/加州大学圣地亚哥分校(美国)：由于臭氧的发展，自然生态系统中紫外线-B辐射的增加是一种额外的扰动6。拉丁美洲灾害预防社会研究网络(秘鲁)：拉丁美洲的ENSO灾害风险管理：从社会角度合并区域比较研究、信息和培训网络的建议7。墨西哥自治大学(墨西哥)：墨西哥、中美洲和加勒比区域的气候变化及其影响8。布宜诺斯艾利斯大学(阿根廷)：为研究区域气候变异性和变化及其在南方共同市场地区的预测和影响而建立一个合作研究网络。布宜诺斯艾利斯大学(阿根廷)：生物多样性对生态系统功能的影响：整个美洲的比较10。安第斯大学(委内瑞拉)：全球变化对高山和季节性草原两个热带生态系统植被影响的比较研究11。圣保罗大学(巴西)：南大西洋西部全球和气候变化研究国际联合会12。佛罗里达大学(美国)：亚马逊地区的牛、土地利用和森林砍伐：比较研究13。加拿大萨斯喀彻温省大学：美洲半干旱地区土地利用变化下的生物地球化学循环14.加拿大安大略省西部大学：从Treeline环境对美洲现在、过去和未来气候变异性的评估小组是根据提交的提案挑选的，该提案利用同行审查系统对技术价值进行了评估。其中12个团队有美国科学家参与合作调查，所有团队都有美国科学家间接参与作为附属研究人员。这项研究的结果将通过连接到互联网的电子数据和信息系统提供给美国科学界，作为美国资助的一项条件。IAI的活动得到了建立IAI的协定的其他缔约方的额外支持：阿根廷、玻利维亚、巴西、加拿大、哥伦比亚、哥斯达黎加、智利、古巴、多米尼加共和国、厄瓜多尔、危地马拉、牙买加、墨西哥、巴拿马、巴拉圭、秘鲁、乌拉圭和委内瑞拉。这一额外支助的形式是对内审办预算的直接捐助、实物捐助，或在提交提案时以调查员工资、装船时间、计算机时间、后勤支助等形式作出的实物捐助承诺。

The Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) was created by the Agreement Establishing the Inter American Institute for Global Change Research, done at Montevideo on May 13, 1992. The IAI was created to coordinate and promote scientific research related to global change in the Americas. The Institute has an evolving Scientific Agenda identifying particular areas for research. The US has played a leading role in the creation of the IAI and has been an active participant in the IAI since its creation. The IAI proposes to carry out a plan of research according to a Science Agenda that has been defined by the scientific community of the Americas in a series of meetings held over the last five years, and has been agreed upon by the member States. The Scientific Agenda is complementary to the research priorities of the US Global Change Research Program. The IAI will supervise fourteen research teams that in total sum ninety-eight separate research institutions that will carry out Collaborative research on Scientific Agenda items. The fourteen teams are led by the following institutions, and will carry out the following projects:1. Centro de Investigaciones Cientificas y de Educacion Superior de Ensenada (Mexico): An Eastern Pacific Consortium for Research on Global Change in Coastal and Oceanic Regions2. Escuela Politecnica del Litoral (Ecuador): Multi Objective Study of Climate Variability for Impact Mitigation in the Trade Convergence Climate Complex Region 3. Florida International University (USA): Andean Amazon Rivers Analysis and Management (AARAM) Project4. Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz (Brazil): Diagnostics and Prediction of Climate Variability and Human Health Impacts in the Tropical Americas5. Scripps Institute of Oceanography/University of California at San Diego (USA): Enhanced Ultraviolet-B Radiation in Natural Ecosystems as an Added Perturbation Due to Ozone Development6. The Network for Social Studies on Disaster Prevention in Latin America (Peru): ENSO Disaster Risk Management in Latin America: A Proposal for the Consolidation of a Regional Network for Comparative Research, Information and Training from a Social Perspective7. Universidad Autonoma de Mexico (Mexico): Climate Variability and its Impacts in the Mexican, Central American and Caribbean Regions8. Universidad de Buenos Aires (Argentina): Development of a Collaborative Research Network for the Study of Regional Climate Variability and Changes, their Prediction and Impact in the MERCOSUR Area9. Universidad de Buenos Aires (Argentina): The Effects of Biodiversity on Ecosystem Functioning: A Comparison Across the Americas10. Universidad de los Andes (Venezuela): Comparative Studies of Global Change Effects on the Vegetation of Two Tropical Ecosystems: the High Mountain and the Seasonal Savanna11. Universidade do Sao Paulo (Brazil): An InternationalConsortium for the Study of Global and Climate Changes in the Western South Atlantic12. University of Florida (USA): Cattle, Land Use and Deforestation in the Amazon: A Comparative Study13. University of Saskatchewan (Canada): Biogeochemical Cycles Under Land Use Change in the Semiarid Americas 14. University of Western Ontario (Canada): The Assessment of Present, Past and Future Climate Variability in the Americas from Treeline EnvironmentsThe teams were selected on the basis of submitted proposals evaluated for technical merit using a peer-review system. Twelve of these teams have US scientists involved as co-Investigators, and all have US scientists indirectly involved as affiliated researchers. Results from this research will be available to the US scientific community, as a condition of US funding, through an electronic data and information system connected to the Internet. The IAI receives additional support for its activities from the other Parties to the Agreement Establishing the IAI: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Costa Rica, Chile, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guatemala, Jamaica, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela. This additional support takes the form of direct contributions to the IAI Budget, in-kind contributions, or in-kind contribution pledges made at the time of proposal submission in the form of investigator salaries, ship-time, computer time, logistical support, etc.