High Latitude Mesospheric Dynamic and Chemistry Studies

这项研究有两个目标：1)一个主要目标，测量和研究格陵兰岛Sonderstrom高纬度站的声波重力波(AGW)结构和进入中间层的通量。对气辉图像中结构的研究现在可以用来计算具有大垂直波长的AGW携带的水平动量的垂直通量。气辉成像仪唯一能够测量具有大相速度(短周期)的AGW，这些相速度携带着中间层中波动量通量的主要部分。具体而言，将与新墨西哥州阿尔伯克基中低纬度站和南极站正在进行的类似测量进行比较。2)次要目标是测量和研究与中间层零星金属层有关的中间层排放。最近的研究表明，这些可能涉及高纬度层，可能存在与某些释放相关的化学加热。为了提取固有波测量，对风进行多普勒校正是很重要的。Sonderstrom的一台流星雷达现在正在运行，它能够进行这一测量。瑞利激光雷达经常对平流层和中间层下部的结构进行散射测量，并在中间层上部进行钠激光雷达的散射测量。激光雷达观测到速度较慢的AGW，补充了气辉观测到的光谱。这些数据将被同化，并用于1)量化Sondrestrom波携带的水平动量和能量的垂直通量，2)与在低纬地区收集的数据进行比较。高纬度大气动力学和化学过程是独特的，特别是薄的和零星的层现象。通过气辉化学发光发射的测量来解决这些事件中的化学过程是很重要的。气辉的常规测量将通过利用分光计和光度计在夜间连续运行来辨别关键发射的光谱来完成。

This study has two objectives:1) a primary objective, to measure and study the Acoustic Gravity Wave (AGW) structure and flux into the mesosphere at Sonderstrom, Greenland, a high latitude station. The studies of structure in airglow imagery can now be used to calculate the vertical flux of horizontal momentum carried by the AGWs with large vertical wavelengths. Airglow imagers are uniquely capable of measuring the AGWs with large phase speeds (short periods) that carry the major portion of the wave momentum flux in the mesosphere. Specifically, comparisons will be made to similar measurements being made at Albuquerque, N.M., a low-mid latitude station, and South Pole station.2) A secondary objective, to make measurements of, and study, mesospheric emissions related to sporadic metal layers in the mesosphere. Recent studies suggest these may involve high latitude layers and, there may be chemical heating associated with some releases.For extracting intrinsic wave measurements, it is important to make Doppler corrections for winds. A meteor radar is now active at Sonderstrom which is able to make this measurement. Rayleigh lidar routinely make scattering measurements of structure in the stratosphere and lower mesosphere and Na lidar in the upper mesosphere. The lidars observe slower speed AGWs that complement the spectrum observed by the airglow. This data will be assimilated and used to 1) quantify the vertical flux of horizontal momentum and energy carried by the waves at Sondrestrom, and 2) compared with data being gathered at a low latitude site, Albuquerque.Atmospheric dynamic and chemical processes at high latitude are unique, especially the thin and sporadic layer phenomena. It is important to resolve the chemical processes during these events through the measurements of airglow chemiluminescent emissions. Routine measurements of airglows will be accomplished by spectral discrimination of key emissions with a continuous night time operation of a spectrometer and photometers.